1. MarineLINE (Siloxirane) Coating for Ships Engaged in the Carriage of Edible Oils and Chemicals Presented to FOSFA International
August 10, 2004 By Donald J. Keehan

2. MarineLINE Cargo Versatility - Can Carry Virtually All IMO Cargoes
Carry More Cargoes than Stainless Steel
Clean Tanks Faster than Stainless Steel Tanks or Other types of Coated Tanks

3. MarineLINE
Resists More Chemicals than Stainless Steel and Other Coatings
Resistance to 131 Most Carried Chemical Cargoes

4. MarineLINE Market Limitations Prior to MarineLine
Problems with Zinc Silicate Coatings
• Absorbs Cargo Quickly
• Retains Oil Like Cargoes
• Subsequent Cargo Contamination
• Limit Back Hauling Capability Not Resistant to Acids, Caustics, and Acid Containing Oils and Urea

5. MarineLINE Market Limitations Prior to MarineLine
Problems with Phenolic Epoxy Coating
Absorbs Cargoes to High Levels (depending on cargo)
Absorbs Cargo Relatively Slowly
Releases Absorbed Cargo Very Slowly
Small Traces May be Retained
Subsequent Cargo Contamination

6. Limitation of Epoxy Coatings
MarineLINE
Limitation of Epoxy Coatings
The greater the distance between crosslinks the greater the permeation causing chemical attack and absorption
Epoxies 3-dimensional screen-like structure when polymerized
Epoxies used in coatings have Two (2) Functional Groups per molecule giving Four (4) Crosslinks

7. MarineLINE Higher Functionality Produces Higher Crosslink Density...
Giving:
Higher Chemical Resistance
Higher Temperature Resistance
Resistance to Permeation (absorption)
28 Functionality vs. Epoxy 2 Functionality in same area:
784 crosslinks vs. 4 crosslinks

8. MarineLINE MarineLine vs. Phenol Epoxy
MarineLine 784’s Closed Screen Structure
Epoxy’s Open Screen Structure

9. behind Easier Cleaning
MarineLINE
The Technology
behind Easier Cleaning
MarineLINE is approximately 3 times smoother than Phenol Epoxies and over 4 Times smoother than Stainless Steel (as confirmed by Independent Laboratory)
MarineLINE Ra
Phenol Epoxy Ra
Stainless Steel Ra

10. MarineLINE The Technology Behind Easier Cleaning
Surface Energy / Surface Tension
MarineLINE is Over 40 Times More Slippery than Stainless Steel and almost 5 times Slipperier than Phenol Epoxies
Surface Energy is measured in Dynes/cm
* Source: N.K. Adams The Physics and Chemistry of Surfaces

11. MarineLINE Verified Chemical Resistance Non Absorbent Qualities
Independent Test Certified by Members of International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)

12. MarineLine vs. Phenolic Epoxy
• % Absorption After 45 Days Immersion • Days Recovery (Desorption) with 30°C
Test by Independent Testing Laboratory

13. MarineLine vs. Phenolic Epoxy
% Absorption after 45 days
Days Recovery (Desorption) with Ventilation at 30oC.
Test by Independent Testing Laboratory

14. MarineLine vs. Phenolic Epoxy
% Absorption after 45 days
Days Recovery (Desorption) with Ventilation at 30oC.
Test by Independent Testing Laboratory

15. MarineLINE
Laboratorio Chimico Merceologico Genoa, Italy, Dr. R. Cosulich
All Tests Witnessed and Certified by DNV Italy and RINA
Test Protocol:
1) 3 Steel Boxes Coated With MarineLine and Bottoms Reinforced With Fiberglass Impregnated With MarineLine Resin - Boxes Blasted and Coated Inside Cargo Tanks of M/T Joran - Boxes Cured in Oven at 80°C for 6 Hours

16. MarineLINE All Tests Witnessed and Certified by DNV Italy and RINA
Laboratorio Chimico Merceologico Genoa, Italy, Dr. R. Cosulich
All Tests Witnessed and Certified by DNV Italy and RINA
2) Each Box Was Loaded With a Chemical for 30 Days.
Chemicals Tested:
• 80% Acetic Acid • 50% Phosphoric Acid • Methanol • 96% Sulfuric Acid • Ethylene Dichloride • Caustic Soda • Virgin Naphtha • Premium Gasoline

17. MarineLINE All Tests Witnessed and Certified by DNV Italy and RINA
Laboratorio Chimico Merceologico Genoa, Italy, Dr. R. Cosulich
All Tests Witnessed and Certified by DNV Italy and RINA
3) After 30 Days, the Boxes Were Emptied. Coated and Lined Surfaces Were Checked for Chemical Attack.
4) Each Chemical Was Checked for Contamination From Previous Chemical or MarineLine Coating.
5) Boxes Were Washed With Salt and Fresh Water Before Loading With Next Chemical.
6) MarineLine Coating Was Washed With Methanol & Analyzed for Chemical Residual.

18. Product Purity (Non-Contamination) Before & After 30 day Immersion
MarineLINE
Product Purity (Non-Contamination)
Before & After 30 day Immersion
Product Tested
Test Certified by DNV and RINA

19. Wall Wash Methanol Analysis Before and After 30 Day Immersion
MarineLINE
Wall Wash Methanol Analysis
(non-absorption)
Before and After 30 Day Immersion
Test Certified by DNV and RINA

20. for Food and Potable Water
MarineLINE
Siloxirane Coating
Approved
for Food and Potable Water

21. MarineLINE
Siloxirane Coating

22. Tanker Operators Statements Aurora Tanker’s M/T “Selendang Sari”
MarineLINE
Tanker Operators Statements
Aurora Tanker’s M/T “Selendang Sari”
"It was found that conventional intensive cleaning methods used for Zinc and Epoxy coated tanks does not have much effect on MarineLine coating. MarineLine coated tanks can be cleaned quicker in the same way as cleaning stainless steel tanks.  Rust remover and caustic based detergents used to spray and scrub were used to scrub and remove dried up patches of sulphur after Sulphured Gas Oil last cargo.  After this simple cleaning the tank can be made ready for methanol and MEG (methanol wall wash standard) cargoes quickly."
Capt. Ramu Naidu

23. Tanker Operators Statements
MarineLINE
Tanker Operators Statements
“M/T “Coralwater” changes cargoes on weekly basis. As an example ships 5 P/S had 7 different cargoes over 7 week period. Sequence of cargoes, spent caustic, nitrobenzene, epichlorohydrin, acryonitrile, EDC, analine, and formaldehyde. Prior to unloading sample of each cargo was taken for test and verification on non-contamination. After each unloading tanks were washed with hot salt water, followed by fresh water wash. Tanks were certified clean by methanol wall wash test prior to loading next cargo.
Over 5-year period M/T “Coralwater” has never had a cargo contamination claim. Ship has carried over 400 different cargoes.
Our MarineLine coated ships clean easier and faster than our older stainless steel ships.”
Mr. Jan Slooter, MD
Clearwater Group

24. MarineLINE
Herning’s MarineLine coated M/T “Serra Theresa” is carrying French Cognac to Ukraine and Ethyl Alcohol on return voyages.

25. Additional 60 tankers contracted for MarineLine coating by 2007
Over 50 MarineLine coated ships operating
since 1994 without a contamination claim
Additional 60 tankers contracted for MarineLine coating by 2007

26. Advanced Polymer Coatings, LLC
Thank You.
For Complete Chemical Listing see MarineLINE-Resistance also on this CD (Excel ‘97 format)
For Additional Information Please Contact:
Advanced Polymer Coatings, LLC
Avon, Ohio U.S.A.
Phone: (+01)
Fax: (+01)