1. #16 Chapter 17 Section 1 Mobilizing for Defense
OBJECTIVE: Understand how the U.S. prepared to fight a two-ocean war.

2. Intro Question December 1941: The U. S. has now declared war on Japan
Intro Question December 1941: The U.S. has now declared war on Japan. List and rank the top 5 (#1 most important) preparations the U.S. must accomplish now that they are officially in WWII.

3. I. Americans Join the War Effort
After Pearl Harbor, 5 million men volunteer for military service, 10 million more drafted.
General George Marshall- Army Chief of Staff calls for women’s corps.
Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)- women in non-combat positions. Thousands enlist

4. Question whether they should fight for democracy in other countries.
Recruiting and Discrimination: minority groups are denied basic citizenship rights.
Question whether they should fight for democracy in other countries.
Despite discrimination,
Mexican-Americans, African-Americans , Chinese, Japanese and Native Americans serve in WWII.

5. II. A Production Miracle
Factories convert from civilian to war production.
Shipyards, defense plants expanded, new ones built.
Produce ships, army rapidly.

6. Over 2 million minorities are hired; face strong discrimination.
Labor’s Contribution: 18 million workers in war industries; 6 million are women.
Over 2 million minorities are hired; face strong discrimination.
A. Philip Randolph- Head of Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters.
Organized March on DC; FDR executive order forbids discrimination in workplace.

7. Mobilization of Scientists:
Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) – technology & medicine.
Manhattan Project develops atomic bomb.

8. III. The Federal Government Takes Control
Economic Controls:
Office of Price Administration (OPA) fights inflation during WWII.
Higher taxes, purchase of war bonds, impose wage and price controls.
War Production Board (WPB) says which companies convert production from peacetime to wartime.
Rationing- fixed allotments of goods needed by military.

9. Name Impact on U.S War Effort1
Selective Service Act 2
Women 3
Minorities 4
Manufacturers 5
A. Philip Randolph 6
OSRD 7
OPA 8
WPB 9
Rationing