1. INSPIRE Thematic Working Group “Orthoimagery” Markus Seifert
INSPIRE Conference
Edinburgh, 29 June 2011

2. People behind Surname Name Ctry Organisation Curtinot Pierre-Yves FR
Institut Géographique National
Forner
Miklós HU
Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing (FÖMI)
Holland
David UK
Ordnance Survey
Ilves
Risto FI
National Land Survey of Finland
Kerdiles
Hervé
JRC
JRC-IPSC - Monitoring Agricultural Resource Unit
Marchetti
Van Bemmelen
Romano
Pier Giorgio
Joost
Dario IT
ESA
Palà Comellas
Vicenç ES
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya
Radkov
Radko BG
Agency for Sustainable Development and Eurointegration - ECOREGIONS
Seifert
Markus DE
Bavarian Administration for Surveying and Geoinformation
Trollvik
Jon Arne NO
Norwegian Mapping Authority
Vanderstraete
Tony BE
AGIV
Peces Morera
J. José
Instituto Geográfico Nacional

3. Scope Definition: Description:
Geo-referenced image data of the earth’s surface, from either satellite or airborne sensors [Directive 2007/2/EC]
Description:
An orthoimage is a raster image that has been geometrically corrected ("orthorectified") to remove distortion caused by camera optics, camera tilt, and differences in elevation. Source is either satellite or air-borne sensors. Data is orthorectified to achieve an accuracy commensurate with a given topographic map equivalent.

4. Included Data Data WITHIN the scopeV1 V2
Data WITHIN the scope
Orthoimagery shall include orthorectified imagery from the infrared, through the visible, to the ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum derived from:
• scanned film positives or negatives
• digital airborne sensors (such as frame
cameras or push-broom sensors)
• satellite imagery of the Earth

5. …what is out
The scope of the Orthoimagery data specification does not include:
• Data from the microwave, X-ray, radio or gamma ray areas of the electromagnetic spectrum.
• LiDAR data (Light Detection And Ranging)
• Oblique aerial photography (since this is not orthorectified). Note that orthorectified imagery produced from oblique photography - e.g. as a mosaic –
is included.
• Terrestrial imagery (e.g. from cameras based on the ground or on road or rail vehicles).
• Aerial video imagery. Note that orthorectified images created from video frames is included.
• Imagery of the sea bed from underwater sensors (only air-borne and satellite sensors are covered by the specification).
• Meteorological satellite imagery (such data is not primarily concerned with
imagery of the Earth’s surface).
But: This does not prevent data providers from delivering such datasets in conformity with this INSPIRE data specification if they feel the need to do so.

6. Achievements How we worked:
22 teleconferences to keep the process ongoing, normally every 2 weeks
3 TWG meetings (Southampton, Frascati and Tonsberg) since the kick-off in spring 2010
2 workshops additional stakeholders/experts (from esa representing some specific space missions, WCS expert)
Consequent use of the issue tracker JIRA
2 cross-TWG Meetings (without major overlaps to other TWGs); close cooperation with TWG EL (e.g. European Grid System)
However: Some issues couldn’t be solved. TWG OI provides first suggestion; feedback from testing required

8. Main Content
Orthoimagery is modelled as an OrthoimageCoverage. The main attributes are
Unique identifier, life cycle information (derived from the GCM)
extent
coverages according to ISO 19123, modelled as inheritance
footprint (voidable)
name (voidable)
phenomenon time (voidable)
inherited attribute from „coverages“ (metadata, rangeType etc.)
associations (also recursive)

9. The Concept of Tiling
Justification: Requirements of data providers to reduce amount of data. Possibilities:
Usage of specific data encodings (formats, e.g. tiled tiff) NOT part of the data spec
Separation in differernt files in a data base („file based tiling“); NOT part of the data model but potentially part of the encoding section
Conceptual or logical Tiling (z.B. like map sheet grids); IS part of the data spec
b/ overlaping tiles
c/ varying density of tiles
a/ Simple grid with edge-matching tiles

10. Examples

11. Issues spatial resolution (no restrictions, no requirements)
geometrical representation (should be restricted to Simple Feature Spatial Schema as defined by EN ISO )
updated ISO standards (eg. ISO Metadata: a new elements of the new - not yet published – standard would be needed)
detailed instructions on how to provide metadata on compliance with minimum data quality requirements and recommendations (general open issue)
conformance and testing
encoding; file based tiling encoding (issue for WCS)
encoding rules should be based on the coverage format encoding extensions for JPEG2000 and GeoTiff that will be developed in OGC Web Services Phase 8 (OWS-8) over summer 2011

12. Markus Seifert Facilitator for TWG Orthoimagery
 Alexandrastr. 4, Munich, Germany  