1. Right tools for the right job
Write down the names of these items found in the lab

2. Equipment and Measurement

3. Scientific Measurement
Rules for measurement: all units must :
All measurements must have a unit
For example, yards or feet
Be common
It must be measured in unit that people know like feet
Be common to everyone
Places like Japan and Germany do not use our system of measurement, they use the metric system.

4. Right tools for the right job
Measurement
Tool
Unit
Length
Meter Stick
Meters
Mass
Balance
Grams
Volume
Graduated Cylinder
Liters
Sometimes you will notice a meniscus: a curving of the surface of the liquid.

5. Two Systems We have two systems for measuring:
International System (used all over the world) ex. Meter, grams
US Customary System (mainly used in America) ex. Foot, inch
How do they compare? 1 inch = 2.54 cm lb = 0.453kg
3.281 feet = 1 meter fl oz = 1 L
0.035 oz = 1 gm gal = 3.78 L

6. Temperature SI unit for temp is Kelvin The metric is Celcius
The English is Fahrenheit
We can convert Celcius to Fahrenheit and to Kelvin
212 degrees F = 100 degrees C = K
This is the boiling point of water

7. Changing the Magnitude
The Metric system or SI is based on units of 10.
Prefix
Kilo (k)
Hecto (h)
Deka (da)
Base Unit
Deci (d)
Centi ©
Milli (m)
Abbrevation Km kL kg Hm hL hg
Dam
daL
dag
Meter
Liter
gram Dm dL dg Cm cL cg mm mL mg
Mulitplication Factor
1000
100 10 1
0.1
0.01
0.001

8. So how do I change units??
You multiply when changing from a larger unit to a smaller unit. And you divide when changing from a smaller unit to a larger unit.
For example: If you have a bowling ball with a mass of 4.54 kg. If you wanted to convert it to grams, you would have to move 3 spaces on the table to the right. Each space represents a multiplication of 10. So 10 X 10 X 10 = So, you multiply by kg X 1000 = 4540 g.

9. Another example
A soda can has a volume of 355 mL and you want to convert it to dL. Move two places to the left, so 10 X 10= 100. You divide by mL/ 100= 3.55dL

10. Precision and Accuracy
Accuracy: how correct a measurement is
For example, if you measure a room as 16.7 feet but a blueprint of the room says it is 16.1, that would be inaccurate.
Precision: how small a scale is being used to make a measurement . For example a measurement made to the nearest 1/8 of an inch is more precise than a measurement that is rounded to the nearest inch
Estimate: a judgement