1. Chapter 23: Tensions in the West

2. 23.1 Introduction
Americans moved west and pushed N.A around and that caused tensions

3. 23.2 Nez Perce Friendship with Whites:
Friendliest tribe and never killed a single white man
Chief Joseph did not move from the land until he was forced to move
Blood is Shed:
Young warriors went out and killed whites
American troops came and started firing their guns and were beaten by the Nez Perce’ 

4. The Fight to Canada:
They went to Canada to be free
U.S army followed and finally Nez Perce’ gave up
They were sent to reservations and almost all died

5. 23.2 New Interest in the West
The Homestead Act:
If you move west and live for five years you get 160 acres for free
The Pacific Railroad Act:
Land was given to railroad companies for the track they laid
This brought more people to the West

6. 23.4 The Railroad Builders
Two railroads: Union Pacific and Central Pacific
The Union Pacific Builds West:
Workers lived in dangerous tent cities
N.A were upset because of the invasion of their land that they started killing workers
U.S army came and gave protection

7. The Central Pacific Builds East:
Most workers left to mine for Silver
Chinese workers took over and they did a better job
The Two Lines Meet:
They met at Promontory Point, Utah
Drove a gold spike to finish the tracks

8. Questions
What two things did Americans do to cause tensions in the west?
What caused American troops to attack the Nez Perce and eventually lose a battle to them?
Where were the Nez Perce’ sent and almost all of them died?
What Act gave you 160 free acres of land if you moved west and lived there for five years?
What Act gave land to the railroad companies if they had laid tracks on it?
Why did Native Americans finally move to the reservations?

9. 23.5 The Miners Boomtowns and Ghost Towns:
Gold and Silver was found and new cities were formed
Gold and Silver were gone the cities moved away
Mining Changed the West:
Because of mining new settlers came to the west for new opportunities

10. 23.6 Ranchers and Cowboys The Extermination of the Buffalo:
Ranchers killed buffalo and sold their parts to the East
They killed ALL of the buffalo
N.A went to reservations because they had no food because there were no buffalo left

11. The “Long Drive”:
Cowboys brought their cattle to Stockyards (holding pen for cattle next to railroad tracks)
They took cattle across the states and then shipped cattle by train because it was faster
Stockyards were in towns called Cow Towns
Dodge City was the most famous one

12. The End of the “Long Drive”
Winter of 1887 was very cold and killed the cattle
Ended cattle herding
Herding brought many more people to the west

13. 23.7 The Homesteaders The West was labeled the “Great American Desert”
The Homesteaders Arrive:
Different groups went to the West looking for new starts
Russian Mennonites came for religious freedom

14. Farming the Dry Plains:
Problems: lack of water, no trees to build homes and grasshoppers ate the plants
Fixed Problems: pumped water from underground, built homes from sod
Mennonites introduced new wheat that grew there

15. 23.8 War on the Plains
General Custer went into N.A. territory looking for gold and caused war
Reservation Life:
N.A. did not get food they were promised
No room
Many left and attacked whites and hunted

16. The Battle of the Little Big Horn:
Gold was found in Montana; N.A areas
N.A were forced out and did not leave
General Custer attacked a group of N.A
In minutes Custer and his men were all dead (Custer’s Last Stand)
N.A eventually were forced into reservations

17. Questions What was the name of the most famous Cow Town in the West?
What was the name used to label the Western part of the United States?
General Custer went into Native Americans territory looking for gold and instead caused what to happen? 
Native Americans were upset because they did not get what they were promised so they started hunting and attacking who?
Native Americans were forced out of their land in Montana because what was found there?
Who was the General that attacked a group of Native Americans because they would not leave Montana?
When the U.S attacked the Native Americans it backfired and in minutes the U.S army were all dead, what was the name given to this battle?