1. 5.1 - Nuclear Chemistry

2. What is Nuclear Chemistry?
Nuclear Chemistry – the field of chemistry that deals with radioactivity, nuclear processes, and nuclear properties.

3. Wilhelm Roentgen German Physicist
1895 – detected wavelength of radiation for the first time known as X-Rays
Won the first Physics Nobel
Prize for his discovery in
1901
Known as “Father of
Diagnostic Radiology”

5. Henri Becquerel
The year after Roentgen discovery, Becquerel hypothesized that Uranium Salts might emit a type of X-Ray.
At first he thought they needed to be in the presence of sunlight
But he adjusted his hypothesis when he realized these salts would emit energy without any energy source
Won 1903 Nobel Prize

6. Becquerel

8. Image of Becquerel's photographic plate which has been fogged by exposure to radiation from a uranium salt.

9. Marie and Pierre Curie
Marie used a electrometer developed by Pierre to determine that the air around Uranium Salts conducted electricity.
By 1898 she had discovered the element Thorium was radioactive.

10. In 1898 Pierre joined Marie in her research and the discovered that elements in the mineral pitchblend was radioactive.
The called the element “Polonium*” and Radium
The Curies were from Poland

11. The Curies eventually found the following about radiation:
Causes air to increase electric conductivity
Kills small organisms
Increases temperature of area
Won the Nobel Prize in 1903
Because of their lack of knowledge of the effects of radiation, Marie died in 1934 because a prolonged exposure to radiation.
Pierre died in 1906 when a carriage ran over his head fracturing his skull.

12. Ernest Rutherford
1902 – showed transmutation and that certain elements spontaneously changed to other elements emitting different particles. (alpha, beta)
In 1903 he named a third type of radiation known as gamma radiation.
More types of radiation have been discovered since his time.