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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 1.

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Presentation on theme: "INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 1."— Presentation transcript:

1 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 1

2 Rice Culture, a Heritage of Asian History July 5~7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand Dr.Yoo Man HUH Vice President, ICID Rep. of KOREA

3 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 3 Structure of the presentation 1 Paddy Farming 2 Economic Aspects 3 Cultural & Social Aspects 4 Multi-functionality of Paddy Farming 5 Conclusions

4 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 4 Paddy farming is … In Wikipedia a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semi aquatic crops. Paddy fields are a typical feature of rice-growing countries of east and southeast Asiaeastsoutheast Asia including Malaysia, China, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan, Indonesia, India, and the Philippines.MalaysiaChinaSri LankaMyanmarThailand KoreaJapanVietnamTaiwanIndonesiaIndiaPhilippines 1

5 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 5 Population Arable land Trend of population & Arable land

6 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 6 Paddy farming Hay stacks on stilts in paddy field,Karnataka(L.Shyamal, 2006)Karnataka

7 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 7 Scarecrow: A paddy field in Japan (Wikipedia, 2007)

8 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 8 Paddy farming Rice terraces, Longji, Guangxi Province, China(Doron, May 2000)

9 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 9 Paddy farming Terrace rice fields in Yunnan Province, China(Jialiang Gao, 2003)Yunnan

10 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 10 Paddy farming The photo of paddy field in India.(Nvineeth, 2006)Nvineeth

11 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 11 Origin of Rice Widespread in Asian(East and Southeast) Origin of Rice : from Ancient India Sanskrit Vrihi, Ni, Nuan Similar Korean Non for paddy field Malaysia, the Philippines- Badi, Bindi for rice in Korean Beo - meaning rice grain

12 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 12 Origin of Rice Rice (genus Oryza) is tolerant to hot, humid, flooded conditions and grows in saline, alkaline and acidic soils. Of 23 Oryza species, two are cultivated: Oryza sativa, which originated in the humid tropics of Asia, and O. glaberrima, from West Africa. Asian cultivated rice has evolved into three eco- geographic races - indica, japonica and javanica (Source:International year of rice 2004,IRRI). Source: http://www.fao.org/rice2004/en/rice-us.htm

13 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 13 Paddy farming in Asia Cultural & Social Aspects Economic Aspects Environmental Aspects

14 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 14 Rice in Asia IRRI :

15 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 15 Rice in Korea BC 300 – AD 670

16 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 16 Cliiper Russel(Eco- economist) Paddy field with golden wave and scarecrow with white garment in fall is the one of the attractive scenery in the world Paddy Fields Landscape

17 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 17 Economic aspects of rice Rice production ChinaIndiaIndoBangJPUSAKr 50 100 150 200 Million ton 1 2 3 4 9 11.3 12 7.4 9.6 11 2

18 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 18 2 Economic aspects of rice

19 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 19 2 Economic aspects of rice

20 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 20 Rice price outlook Source: USDA, Rice Outlook Dollar/ton Medium grain Long grain 2 Economic aspects of rice

21 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 21 International rice supply and outlook Class 2004/05 2005/06 (Estimate) 2006/07(outlook) Change(%) 2006.122007.1 Previous year Previous month Production400.5415.5416.4415.0-0.1-0.3 Supply485.6493.7496.8495.50.4-0.3 Consume 407.7413.2418.2417.71.1-0.1 Trade28.427.828.228.94.02.7 Stock In previous yr % 78.280.478.677.7-3.4-1.1 19.219.518.818.6 Source: USDA, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, January 12, 2007. (Unit: million ton) 2 Economic aspects of rice

22 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 22 Cultural & Social Aspects of rice 3 Paddy Fields turn yellow in Autumn, KOREA

23 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 23 In the Mythology of GoChosun Mother of Ju-mong, Gog Mo Sin, Goddess to manage the agriculture Tradition to lay kernels of rice on the mat in the palanquin One of the important role of mother is to manage the rice kernel for their family survival To serve their ancestor shrine by pure rice Rice, in the middle of Korean history

24 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 24 Meaning of Rice in Chinese Character 88 times hand care until harvest. Rice day? August 18 How many processes needed for rice? Shape of rice head?

25 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 25 Life Cycle of Rice Plant: intensive labor Harvest: Alcohol drink, Rice cake, soft drink, sweets, snack, etc. more than hundreds Post harvest: Thatch- Mat, shoes

26 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 26 Rice and Culture in Korea Sung Ju Dae Gam, Pot to keep rice at home, treat as a sanctuary. Sung ju: a household guardian, tutelary deity Function of the pot: to make household blessed and comfortable

27 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 27 Feet is twisted when stepping rice kernels. Spoiling rice makes abort. Rice storage represents generosity of the household. Rice in the Proverbs Tradition to respect rice, and It goes with history of Korea rooted in the life

28 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 28 Rice in the Korean Culture (Poem). -

29 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 29 Rice in the Music and Dancing

30 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 30 Rice and Culture in Asia Paddy solved housing, food and fuel in traditional farm village

31 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 31 Rice in Asia Source: M. A. Bell et. Al., 2000, Research for development: IRRIs in country roles p9-10

32 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 32 Rice in Asia

33 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 33 Rice area in the world

34 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 34 Rice in Asia

35 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 35 Rice is The main source of employment, income and nutrition in many poor, food insecure regions of the world Calories source of 530 million people less than US $1 a day, about 60-70 % of total food intake. Principal activity and source of income for about 100 million households in Asia and Africa Source: M. A. Bell et. Al., 2000, Research for development: IRRIs in country roles p9-10 Rice in Asia

36 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 36 Rice is a major daily life in Asian countries Rice is a central part of many cultures and some countries even credit rice cultivation with the development of their civilization. It is remarkable that almost every culture has its own way of harvesting, processing and eating rice and these different traditions are, in fact, part of the world's cultural heritage(FAO, 2004). Source: http://www.fao.org/rice2004/en/rice-us.htm

37 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 37 Rice has been a life for long times Thousands of years ago, people from East to South Asia settled throughout river deltas and domesticated wild rice. The productivity of wetland rice crops led to population growth and to the development of society and civilization. Source: http://www.fao.org/rice2004/en/rice-us.htm

38 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 38 Rice versus culture Rice cultivation, the intense labour needed Social habits and landscape shaped Community structures and a corresponding culture of rice created Inspired songs, paintings, stories, festivals Rice culture created Asians culture, custom, Tradition and life style. Source: M. A. Bell et. Al., 2000, Research for development: IRRIs in country roles p9-10

39 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 39 Multi-functionality of paddy farming Food security Flood control Groundwater recharge Reduction of soil loss Air purification Enhancement of biodiversity 4

40 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 40 Conclusions Not just economic approach because it is a matter of identity: not just a matter of food and cost - Asia, central part of culture -Principal source of income for 100 mill house a matter of life -expensive, not give a birth? -why you invest for emergency, food? 5

41 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 41 Peculiarity of Asian monsoon region - Climate conditions and regional characteristics are totally different from non paddy areas - climate change and diverse functions of paddy farming should be taken into account Social and traditional components should be considered for policy making in the paddy farming in Asia,especially in monsoon and tropical region. 5 Conclusions

42 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 42 Paddy Straw roofing old house in winter, Korea Thank you for your listening


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