1. Screening early renal failure: Cut-off values for serum creatinine as an indicator of renal impairment 
Cécile Couchoud, Nicole Pozet, Michel Labeeuw, Claire Pouteil-Noble 
Kidney International 
Volume 55, Issue 5, Pages (May 1999)
DOI: /j x
Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for serum creatinine in men corresponding to an inulin clearance at 60ml/min/1.73m2. The small square indicates the point where the Younden index is maximum (serum creatinine = 137 μmol/liter).
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Projections of predictive values for several plausible values of prevalence, with sensitivity at 90% (men at 60ml/min/1.73m2). Symbols are: (•) positive predictive value; (□) negative predictive value.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for each level of serum creatinine in men at 60ml/min/1.73m2. The vertical line indicates the point where the Younden index is maximum (serum creatinine = 137 μmol/liter). The lightly dotted line is the Younden index, the medium line is the sensitivity, and the heavy line is the specificity.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 1999 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions