1. Lesson 9: Electricity

2. What is electricity?
With your neighbor, brainstorm what you know about electricity. Questions to ask yourself:
What is electricity?
What does ‘the flow of electricity’ mean?
How do we make electricity?
When do we experience electricity in nature?

3. Review: the atom

4. Review: the atom

5. Review: the atom

6. Review: the atom

7. Review: the atom

8. Review: the atom Subatomic Particle Found in the: Charge Relative Size
Neutron
Proton
Electron

9. Review: the atom Subatomic Particle Found in the: Charge Relative Size
Neutron
Nucleus
Neutral
Big
Proton
Electron

10. Review: the atom Subatomic Particle Found in the: Charge Relative Size
Neutron
Nucleus
Neutral
Big
Proton
Positive
Electron

11. Review: the atom Subatomic Particle Found in the: Charge Relative Size
Neutron
Nucleus
Neutral
Big
Proton
Positive
Electron
Shells
Negative
Small

12. Review: the atom Subatomic Particle Found in the: Charge Relative Size
Neutron
Nucleus
Neutral
Big
Proton
Positive
Electron
Shells
Negative
Small
Can subatomic particles be separated from an atom?

13. Review: the atom Subatomic Particle Found in the: Charge Relative Size
Neutron
Nucleus
Neutral
Big
Proton
Positive
Electron
Shells
Negative
Small

14. Electrons
Electrons:
Very small
Located in shells around the nucleus

15. Electrons
Electrons:
Very small
Located in shells around the nucleus
The outermost electrons can be easily pulled away from the nucleus

16. Electrons
Electrons:
Very small
Located in shells around the nucleus
The outermost electrons can be easily pulled away from the nucleus
When an object loses electrons, it becomes positively charged
When an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged

17. Electrons
Electrons:
Very small
Located in shells around the nucleus
The outermost electrons can be easily pulled away from the nucleus
When an object loses electrons, it becomes positively charged
When an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged
Because they are negative charged, electrons are attracted to (and will travel towards) positively charged objects

18. Electricity
Electricity: the movement of charged particles (i.e. electrons)
Electrical energy: the energy of charged particles

19. Electricity
Electricity: the movement of charged particles (i.e. electrons)
Electrical energy: the energy of charged particles
When electrons are separated from their atoms, they want to travel towards positively charged objects. The more electrons that are separated, the more potential you have for the electrons to travel.

20. Electricity
Electricity: the movement of charged particles (i.e. electrons)
Electrical energy: the energy of charged particles
When electrons are separated from their atoms, they want to travel towards positively charged objects. The more electrons that are separated, the more potential you have for the electrons to travel. This potential is called the electrical potential difference

21. Electricity
Electricity: the movement of charged particles (i.e. electrons)
Electrical energy: the energy of charged particles
When electrons are separated from their atoms, they want to travel towards positively charged objects. The more electrons that are separated, the more potential you have for the electrons to travel. This potential is called the electrical potential difference
Electrical potential difference = voltage
The symbol for electrical potential difference/voltage is ‘V’
Measured in units called volts. The symbol for volts is ‘V’

22. Current
If a conductor (a wire) is placed between the electrons and a positively charged object, the electrons will flow along the conductor, producing current.

23. Current
If a conductor (a wire) is placed between the electrons and a positively charged object, the electrons will flow along the conductor, producing current.
Electric current: moving charges
The symbol for current is ‘I’
Measured in units called amperes. The symbol for amperes is ‘A’
Quick video

24. Recall
During the chemical potential energy lecture we learned about batteries

25. Recall
During the chemical potential energy lecture we learned about batteries
A chemical reaction inputs the energy to separate the negatively charged electrons from the positively charged nuclei

26. Recall
During the chemical potential energy lecture we learned about batteries
A chemical reaction inputs the energy to separate the negatively charged electrons from the positively charged nuclei
The separated charges want to move back together (they have the potential to move)

27. Recall
During the chemical potential energy lecture we learned about batteries
A chemical reaction inputs the energy to separate the negatively charged electrons from the positively charged nuclei
The separated charges want to move back together (they have the potential to move)
Once the terminals of the batteries are connected, the negatively charged electrons have a path to travel towards the positively charged terminal, creating current

28. Recall
During the chemical potential energy lecture we learned about batteries
A chemical reaction inputs the energy to separate the negatively charged electrons from the positively charged nuclei
The separated charges want to move back together (they have the potential to move)
Once the terminals of the batteries are connected, the negatively charged electrons have a path to travel towards the positively charged terminal, creating current
Chemical potential energy

29. Recall
During the chemical potential energy lecture we learned about batteries
A chemical reaction inputs the energy to separate the negatively charged electrons from the positively charged nuclei
The separated charges want to move back together (they have the potential to move)
Once the terminals of the batteries are connected, the negatively charged electrons have a path to travel towards the positively charged terminal, creating current
Chemical potential energy
Electrical energy

30. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy

31. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy

32. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy
Load: a device that converts electrical energy into another type of energy

33. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy
Load: a device that converts electrical energy into another type of energy
This is what it means to ‘use’ electricity. For example:

34. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy
Load: a device that converts electrical energy into another type of energy
This is what it means to ‘use’ electricity. For example:
When you plug in a space heater, the heater uses electricity by converting it into heat

35. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy
Load: a device that converts electrical energy into another type of energy
This is what it means to ‘use’ electricity. For example:
When you plug in a space heater, the heater uses electricity by converting it into heat
When you screw in a lightbulb, the lightbulb uses electricity by converting it to light (and heat)

36. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy
Load: a device that converts electrical energy into another type of energy
This is what it means to ‘use’ electricity. For example:
When you plug in a space heater, the heater uses electricity by converting it into heat
When you screw in a lightbulb, the lightbulb uses electricity by converting it to light (and heat)
When you use a blender, the blender uses electricity by converting it into mechanical energy

37. Electrical energy
As the electrons travel towards the positively charged object, the electrical potential difference is converted into electrical energy
This electrical energy can be harnessed and converted into other types of energy
Load: a device that converts electrical energy into another type of energy
This is what it means to ‘use’ electricity. For example:
When you plug in a space heater, the heater uses electricity by converting it into heat
When you screw in a lightbulb, the lightbulb uses electricity by converting it to light (and heat)
When you use a blender, the blender uses electricity by converting it into mechanical energy

38. Phet simulation Pay attention to: The movement of charges (current)
The use of loads (lightbulb)