1. Shoulder and Upper Arm

2. Anatomy Humerus Clavicle Scapula
Projections of scapula
Acromion process
Coracoid process
Glenoid
Of these, which is attached to the sternum?
clavicle

5. Anatomy Four joints in this area: Glenohumeral (G-H)
Acromioclavicular(A-C)
Feel the most distal part of your clavicle
Sternoclavicular (S-C)
Coracoclavicular

6. Draw and label a picture with the 4 bones mentioned and the 4 joints mentioned.

7. Shoulder and Upper Arm
Attachment of the shoulder/upper arm to the axial skeleton is made at what joint?
S-C joint (sternoclavicular joint)
It is a weak but infrequently injured area
Does the clavicle articulate with the humerus?
Which is more stable…
Shoulder or Hip (what type of articulation are these?)
Ball and Socket joint
Hip is more stable… the G-H joint is much more shallow

8. Muscles Major Muscles: Deeper muscles Deltoid Pectoralis Major
Covers the top of the shoulder
Pectoralis Major
Both of these muscles attach to the shaft of the humerus
Deeper muscles
Group of four muscles called…
Rotator Cuff

9. Rotator Cuff
These muscles surround the joint and are most commonly used in throwing
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

10. Injuries to the Shoulder: Fractures
Most often fractured bone in sports…
Clavicle
MOI: Direct blow, falling on outstretched arm
Usually fracture occurs in the middle third
S/S: the injured side will be lower than the uninjured side/ath support arm
First Aid: Treat ath for shock, apply sling, get medical help

11. The LP Adjustable Clavic Brace encourages proper posture and shoulder alignment
Ideal for post clavicle fracture, as the support immobilizes the clavicle to aid healing

12. Fractures of Humerus Fractures of humerus normally result from:
Direct blow
Falling on outstretched arm
Treat as a medical emergency
Danger of tearing of the blood vessels and nerves
S/S
Pain, point tenderness, discoloration, immobility TX
Treat for shock and apply sling
Rush to hospital

13. Dislocations What is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body?
GH joint
1st time dislocations should be considered fractures by trainer until X-ray reveals otherwise
b/c damage to blood vessels and nerves
1st Aid
Immobilization of arm in comfortable position, ice pack
Require LT immobilization & complete rehab

14. Dislocation

15. Acromioclavicular Sprain (A-C Sprain)
Most commonly sprained ligament of the shoulder
MOI
Blow to the top of the shoulder or a fall onto an outstretched arm
Classification
Can be classified as 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree
First Aid
Compression, cold, and stabilization of shoulder with a sling

16. Classification of A-C sprains
Mild stretch of A-C ligaments, pain A-C region, no deformity
1st degree
Extreme pain, obvious signs of displacement of the clavicle, sx may be required
3rd
Some tearing of ligaments, clavicle displacement, not be able to move arm much w/o pain
Functional test to confirm A-C sprain
Have athlete touch opposite shoulder with hand of injured side.
Movement will be painful and perhaps impossible to perform

17. Strains Causes of shoulder muscle strains: Conditions of overuse
Lack of strength
Overuse
Improper technique
Inadequate warm-up
Conditions of overuse
Tendinitis (if it’s muscular problem)
Bursitis (if damage to the bursae)

19. Prevention Keep joint strong and flexible Teach proper technique
Proper warm-up
Avoid overuse
Teach athletes to avoid falling on outstretched arm