1. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Ace Institute of Management
M-B-A-e Term IV, Spring Trimester 2011
Module 3: The Group
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PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook

2. A Definition of Power B A
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3. Contrasting Leadership and Power
Focuses on goal achievement.
Requires goal compatibility with followers.
Focuses influence downward.
Research Focus
Leadership styles and relationships with followers.
Power
Used as a means for achieving goals.
Requires follower dependency.
Used to gain lateral and upward influence.
Research Focus
Power tactics for gaining compliance.
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4. Bases of Power
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5. Bases of Power
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6. Personal Power
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7. Personal Power
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8. Dependency: The Key To Power
The General Dependency Postulate
The greater B’s dependency on A, the greater the power A has over B.
Possession/control of scarce organizational resources that others need makes a manager powerful.
Access to optional resources (e.g., multiple suppliers) reduces the resource holder’s power.
What Creates Dependency
Importance of the resource to the organization
Scarcity of the resource
Nonsubstitutability of the resource
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9. Power Tactics Reason Friendliness Coalition Bargaining Assertiveness
Tactical Dimensions:
Reason
Friendliness
Coalition
Bargaining
Assertiveness
Higher authority
Sanctions
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10. Use of Power Tactics: From Most to Least Popular
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E X H I B I T
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11. Power in Groups: Coalitions
Seek to maximize their size to attain influence.
Seek a broad and diverse constituency for support of their objectives.
Occur more frequently in organizations with high task and resource interdependencies.
Occur more frequently if tasks are standardized and routine.
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12. Sexual Harassment: Unequal Power in the Workplace
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13. Politics: Power in Action
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14. Politics Is in the Eye of the Beholder
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E X H I B I T
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15. Factors That Influence Political Behaviors
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E X H I B I T
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16. Employee Responses to Organizational Politics
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E X H I B I T
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17. Defensive Behaviors Overconforming Buck passing Playing dumb
Avoiding Action:
Overconforming
Buck passing
Playing dumb
Stretching
Stalling
Avoiding Blame:
Buffing
Playing safe
Justifying
Scapegoating
Misrepresenting
Avoiding Change:
Prevention
Self-protection
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E X H I B I T
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18. Impression Management (IM)
IM Techniques:
Conformity
Excuses
Apologies
Self-Promotion
Flattery
Favors
Association
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19. Is Political Action Ethical?
Utilitarianism
Rights
Justice
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E X H I B I T
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