1. A new, safe, and easy technique of atrial septal defect creation
Masashi Takahashi, MD, Hiroshi Kanazawa, MD, Yoshihiko Yamazaki, MD, Mitsuo Ueno, MD, Tadashi Sakano, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 69, Issue 1, Pages (January 2000)
DOI: /S (99)

2. Fig 1
(A) The TEE demonstrates clearly that the tip of the punch hooks the edge of the ASD, and indicates the correct position of the tip. (B) The TEE verifies the size of the created ASD. (LA = left atrium; RA = right atrium.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )

3. Fig 2
The color Doppler mode of the echocardiogram demonstrates the increase of shunt flow through the ASD. The echocardiogram monitor indicates instantly that the narrow shunt flow before operation (A) increases after ASD creation (B). (LA = left atrium; RA = right atrium; RV = right ventricle.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (99) )