1. Explicit Instruction for Tier III Words
5 Models

2. Explicit
Implicit

3. 1st exposure,
one context
2nd exposure,
another context
3rd exposure,
another context
4th exposure,
another context
5th t exposure,
another context
How do words get learned and stay learned?

4. Model I: Inductive Reasoning Using Visuals

5. an aerie:
an aerie:
not aeries:
Is this an aerie?
Aerie:___________

6. archipelagos:
not archipelagos:

7. Which is an archipelago?
not archipelagos:
archipelagos:

8. Write a definition of archipelago.
not archipelagos:
archipelagos:

9. not modified
modified

10. Modifications:

11. Use modify, modified, modification
Write a sentence that
explains the purpose
of this modification.
Use modify, modified, modification
in your sentence.

12. Model I: Inductive Reasoning Using Visuals
Model II: Describe the concept. Then, name it.
(“Concept First”)

13. Model II: Describe the concept. Then, name it.
(“Concept First”)
the process of thinking of better words
while you are speaking and going back
to rephrase your own words
epanorthorsis

14. Model II: Elicit the concept. Then, name it.
(“Concept First”)
A subversive rhetorical device wherein
a speaker calls attention to something
by pointing out that he is not going to
mention it, thus allowing him to say
something that he does not want to
accept responsibility for saying.
paralipsis

16. Word Components: Model I: Inductive Reasoning Using Visuals
Model II: Describe the concept. Then, name it.
(“Concept First”)
Word Components:
Model III:

17. Word Components: Level 1 (usually known in elementary grades)
Prefixes
ex-
pre-
re-
un-
dis-
non-
im-
mis-
mini-
maxi-

18. Word Components: Level 2 (usually known in intermediate grades)
Prefixes
co-; con-; com-
syn-; sym-
in-; en- (into)
sub-; sup- e-
a-; ab-
inter-
intra-
mono-
uni-
bi-; tri-; quad-, etc.
cent-; milli-; mega-
poly-; multi-
omni-
trans-
semi-
bio-; geo-; eco-

19. Word Components: Level 3 (usually known in high school)
Prefixes
pseudo-
demi-
endo-; ecto-
pro-
per-
peri-
hemi-
ob-
bene-
mal-
photo-
nom-
ig-
muni-
contra-
philo-

20. Common Word Roots for Academic Subjects:
Often combine with:
sub re pro-
ex ob per-
de a-; ab- co-
con e-
trans ex-
Often end with:
-ive
-ation; sion
-ate
-able; ible
-or
Basic:
-ject (to throw)
-port (to carry)
-scrip, scribe (to write)
-vert, vers (to turn)
-pos, pon (to place)
-tract (to draw)
-pel, pul (to drive)
-struct (to build)
-grad, gress (to step)
-plic, plex (to fold)
-flic, flex (to bend)
-fic, fac (to make)
-miss, mit (to send)
-sid, sed (to sit)
-spec (to see)
-voc (to call)
-dict (to say)
-rupt (to break)
Case for teaching word roots
1. The more information you have about a word,
the more likely you are to remember it
2. The more you can associate words with their
look-alikes, the deeper your understanding
3. Root meanings reveal “deep truths” about a
word

21. Common Word Roots for Academic Subjects:
Advanced:
-cad, -cas,-cid (to fall)
-dyna (force; power)
-magn (great; large)
-quir, -quis (to seek)
-gen (race, kind origin)
-cham, -cam (vault)
-cen (to judge)
-doc, -dox (to think)
-greg (to flock)
-cau (to burn)
-ess, -sent (to exist)
-close, -clud, -clus (to close)
-mand, -mend (to order)
-junct (to join)
-jur, -jus (to swear)
-lith (stone)
Often combine with:
sub re pro-
ex ob per-
de a-; ab- ne-
con e-
trans ex-
Often end with:
-ive
-ation; sion
-ate
-able; ible
-or
-ize
-ence, ance
-ary

22. Word Components: Model I: Inductive Reasoning Using Visuals
Model II: Describe the concept. Then, name it.
(“Concept First”)
Model III:
Word Components:
Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches

23. Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches
Words with a
similar definition
Target word: Treaty
Related words: pact, agreement, contract, detente,
accord, compromise, cease-fire, armistice, truce,
arbitration, mediation, covenant, compact

24. Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches
II. Words that
cluster around
a single topic
Topic: International relations
Word Bank:
diplomat, diplomatic, diplomacy;
embassy, ambassador; emissary
detente, appeasement,
adversary, adversarial;
ally, alliance;
bilateral, unilateral
reconcile, reconciliation,
conciliatory

25. Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches diplomacy, diplomat, diplomatic
III. Group by
structure (etymology)
diplomacy, diplomat, diplomatic
Gr: “folded paper”
Cousins: diploid cell
duplicate, double,
duplicity, doubt, dubious

26. Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches
III. Group by
structure (etymology)
treaty
Latin, tractacus:
to drag or draw
Cousins: tractor, attract,
detract, distract, subtract,
traction

27. Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches Fr (Latin): to loosen or relax
III. Words sharing a
structure (etymology)
detente
Fr (Latin): to loosen or relax
Cousins:
de: de-escalate, descend, depart
tente: tension, tendon

28. Words with a
similar definition
II. Words that
cluster around
a single topic
III. Words sharing a
structure (etymology)

29. Word Components: Model I: Inductive Reasoning Using Visuals
Model II: Describe the concept. Then, name it.
(“Concept First”)
Model III:
Word Components:
Model IV: Teaching Words in Bunches
Model V: Hypothesize and Verify

30. Many animal pathogens, including those that cause
tuberculosis and smallpox, make the jump to humans.
2. Doctors are now being asked to be aware of the
quick progression, and to test for the Zika virus in
addition to other pathogens.
3. Farming also exposes the creatures to pesticides, and bees are under attack from parasites and
pathogens, as well.
4. Unlike other pathogens like E. coli, listeria can
thrive at 40 degrees F., the recommended temperature for refrigerators.

31. Model V: Hypothesize and Verify
Many animal pathogens, including those that cause
tuberculosis and smallpox, make the jump to humans.
2. Doctors are now being asked to be aware of the
quick progression, and to test for the Zika virus in
addition to other pathogens.
3. Farming also exposes the creatures to pesticides, and bees are under attack from parasites and
pathogens, as well.
4. Unlike other pathogens like E. coli, listeria can
thrive at 40 degrees F., the recommended temperature for refrigerators.
pathogen:
a disease-causing organism.

32. path-: pathology, pathologist, pathetic, psychopath…
pathogen:
a disease-causing organism.
path-: pathology, pathologist,
pathetic, psychopath…
gen-: gene, genetic, Genesis,
engener, generation, genocide…