1. Ch. 16 Game
Review
(the test will not contain any questions from the textbook section on p , “Solving Problems Using Hardy-Weinberg”

2. When two species reproduce at different times, the situation is called
A Temporal isolation
B Speciation
C Temporal selection
D Geographic isolation
Ans: A

3. The type of selection in which individuals of average size have greater fitness than small or large individuals is called
A Disruptive selection
B Stabilizing selection
C Directional selection
D Genetic drift
Ans: B

4. A Artificial selection B Sexual selection C Stabilizing selection
The graph shows the changes in crab color at the beach. Which type of
selection has occurred?
A Artificial selection
B Sexual selection
C Stabilizing selection
D Disruptive selection
Ans: D

5. Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in distribution?
A A new predator prefers dark-tan crabs.
B A new predator prefers light-tan crabs.
C A new beach color makes medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators.
D A new beach color makes medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators.
Ans: D

6. The type of selection in which individuals at one end of a curve have the highest fitness is called
A Stabilizing selection
B Disruptive selection
C Directional selection
D The founder effect
Ans: C

7. Which of the following is likely to result in speciation?
A Random mating
B Small population size
C No migration into or out of the population
D Absence of natural selection
Ans: B

8. Characteristic of the traits that Mendel tracked in pea plants
A Fitness
B Single-gene trait
C Polygenic trait
D Gene pool
Ans: B

9. In a population of lizards, the smallest and largest lizards are more easily preyed upon than middle-sized lizards. What kind of natural selection is most likely to occur in this situation?
A Genetic drift
B sexual selection
C Stabilizing selection
D Directional selection
Ans: C

10. A change in allele frequency that results from the migration of a small subgroup of a population is called
A Natural selection
B The Hardy-Weinberg principle
C The founder effect
D Genetic equilibrium
Ans: C

11. Traits that are controlled by more than one gene, such as human height, are known as
A Single-gene traits
B Polygenic traits
C Recessive traits
D Dominant traits
Ans: B

12. The evolution of Darwin’s finches is an example of
A Equilibrium
B Speciation
C Stabilizing selection
D Artificial selection
Ans: B

13. Survival and reproduction of individuals best suited to their environment.
A Fitness
B Single-gene trait
C Polygenic trait
D Gene pool
Ans: A

14. A situation in which a population’s allele frequencies remain relatively constant is called
A Genetic equilibrium
B A gene pool
C Fitness
D Genetic variation
Ans: A

15. Which of the following is a source of genetic variation. I
Which of the following is a source of genetic variation? I. Mutations II. Polygenic traits III. Genetic shuffling that results from sexual reproduction
A I only
B I and III only
C II and III only
D I, II, and III
Ans: B

16. The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population
A Fitness
B Single-gene trait
C Polygenic trait
D Gene pool
Ans: D

17. A random change in a small population’s allele frequency is known as
A A gene pool
B Genetic drift
C Variation
D Fitness
Ans: B

18. If coat color in a rabbit population is a polygenic trait, which process might have produced the graph?
A Stabilizing selection
B Disruptive selection
C Directional selection
D Genetic equilibrium
Ans: B

19. In organisms that reproduce sexually, inheritable variation is due mostly to
A polygenic traits
B mutations during gamete formation
C the effects of radiation
D gene shuffling during gamete formation
Ans: D

20. A single-gene trait that has two alleles and that shows a simple dominant-recessive pattern will result in
A one phenotype
B two phenotypes
C four phenotypes
D millions of phenotypes
Ans: B

21. The number of phenotypes produced for a given trait depends upon
A the relationship of allele frequnecies to Mendelian ratios
B The relative frequencies of the various alleles
C which form of the trait is dominant
D the number of genes that control the trait.
Ans: D

22. One similarity between natural selection and genetic drift is that both events
A are based completely on chance.
B involve a change in a population’s allele frequencies.
C begin with one or more mutations.
D take place only in small groups
Ans: B

23. What is the first step that occurred in the speciation of the Galapagos finches?
A arrival of the founding population
B behavioral isolation
C ecological competition
D establishing genetic equilibrium
Ans: A

24. What did Peter and Rosemary Grant learn about mate choice from the Galapagos finches?
A Phenotype plays no role in mate choice.
B Finches prefer mates with smaller beaks than their own.
C Finches prefer mates with beaks similar in size to their own.
D Finches prefer mates with larger beaks than their own.
Ans: C