1. Ideals of Republicanism
Federalist 10
Ideals of Republicanism

2. Definition of Factions
Group of people with similar interests
Adverse to the interests of at least one other group
A21

3. Curing the Mischief of Factions
Destroy Liberty-A21
Persuade people to have the same interest

4. Destroy Liberty
“Liberty is to faction, what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires.”

5. Give Everyone the Same Passions
“As long as the connections subsists between his reason and his self-love, his opinions and his passions will have a reciprocal influence on each other; and the former will be the objects to which the latter will attach themselves.” A22
What is Madison saying about human nature?

6. Causes of Factions
“The latent causes of factions are thus sown in the nature of man…A zeal for different opinions concerning religion, concerning Government and many other points…an attachment to different leaders ambitiously contending for pre-eminence and power…But the most common and durable source of factions, has been the various and unequal distribution of property.” A22

7. Controlling the Effects of Factions
Republic (Representative Democracy)
Direct Democracy

8. Direct Democracy
“A common passion or interest will, in almost every case, be felt by a majority of the whole…” (A23)
Why can’t direct democracies “control the effects of factions?”
Why are minority factions especially vulnerable?

9. COMPARISON PERSON STAKEHOLDER PEOPLE PEOPLE STAKE- HOLDERS OTHER REPS

10. Republicanism Representative Democracy
“…the representatives must be raised to a certain number, in order to guard against the cabals of a few; and that however large it may be, they must be limited to a certain number, in order to guard against the confusion of the multitude” (A24)
HOR—435 Members (1929)

11. Republicanism Cont’d
2. More people=More representatives=Greater security—Why?
Balanced Fiscal Approach
Some Tax Credits, Deficit Cutting Measures and Job Producing Spending
Eliminate Any New Federal Spending
Massive Tax Cuts and Credits
Severe Cuts to the Deficit

12. Republicanism Cont’d
3. “By enlarging too much the number of electors, you render the representatives too little acquainted with all their local circumstances and lesser interests; as by reducing it too much, you render him unduly attached to these, and too little fit to comprehend and pursue great and national objects.” (A24)
Hint: Electors=People & Think Ratios
Why would representatives be more nationally-minded if there were too many people allocated to each representative?
Why would representatives become more locally-minded—as opposed to nationally-minded—if there were fewer people allocated to each representative?

13. Efficacy of Republics Efficacy of Republics Depend on:
“The smaller the society, the fewer probably will be the distinct parties and interests composing it; the fewer the distinct parties and interests, the more frequently will a majority be found of the same party…” A25

14. Essential Questions Can democracy work if people are self-interested?
Are all majority factions dangerous?
How can minority factions be protected?
How can you cure the mischief of factions?
Why must government ONLY control the effects of factions?