1. The Parts of the eye and vision

2. Transduction: Conversion of physical energy to a neural impulse
Vision transduce light energy
Hearing transduce sound waves
Touch transduce pressure/temperature
Taste transduce chemicals
Smell transduce chemicals

3. How do we see? 1. Gathering Light 2. Within the Eye 3. Transduction
4. In the Brain

6. To the thalamus…. (REVIEW)
Optic nerve sends impulses to the LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus) located in the Thalamus

8. In the visual cortex… (REVIEW)
Visual cortex receives impulses that activate
feature detectors (groups of neurons that respond to different types of visual images such as vertical lines, curves, motion and other features)

9. Perception (REVIEW)
What we perceive visually is a combination of different features
Association area helps us organize and recognize images

10. How do we see color?

13. Trichromatic theory (Young and Helmholtz)
3 types of cones in the retina (detect blue, red and green)
These cones are activated in different combinations to produce all the colors of the visual spectrum
* DOES NOT EXPLAIN AFTERIMAGES *

16. OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY (HERING)
Sensory receptors are arranged in the retina in pairs (red/green, yellow/blue, black/white)
If one of the pair is stimulated, the other is inhibited from firing
*EXPLAINS AFTERIMAGES *

19. http://apcentral. collegeboard