1. “Back Home” 4.2

2. Back Home Funding the war Herbert Hoover’s role Price Controls
Liberty Bonds $20 billion raised
Lent money to the Allies
Herbert Hoover’s role
Price Controls
Rationing
“Food will win the war.”
Daylight savings time

3. Liberty Bonds

4. Liberty Bonds

5. War Trade Board Licenses trade with foreign countries
Punishes companies suspected of dealing with the enemy.

6. War Industries Board
Regulates the production of war goods

7. War Labor Board
Settled labor disputes that might interfere with the war effort
Very anti-union
Supported by Samuel Gompers

8. Back Home Espionage Act Sedition Act Illegal to interfere with draft
Illegal to obstruct sale of LB’s
Illegal to say anything bad about the USA

9. Sedition – Political Radicals
Eugene Debs
10-year jail sentence for criticizing the government
Newspapers
Mailing rights of 45 were revoked within 1 year

10. Alien Act Imposed a Literacy test for immigrants
Passed over Wilson’s veto

11. Effects of the war… Women Women find work in war related industries
The war seemed to bring about major social change

12. African and Mexican Americans
Found Work in war related industries
Companies that had once refused to hire minorities now actively recruited them for work

13. Immigration
WWI virtually stopped the flow of immigrants from Europe

14. Peace! 4.3

15. What does President Wilson Want?
“The world to be made safe for every peace-loving nation which, like our own, wishes to live its own life, determine its own institutions, be assured of justice and fair dealing by the other peoples of the world as against force and selfish aggression”

16. He wants a LASTING PEACE and INTERNATIONAL STABILITY.
Prime Minister David Lloyd George of the UK, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau of France, and President Woodrow Wilson

17. What countries are not at the Paris Peace Conference?
What countries are at the Paris Peace Conference?
The United States
Great Britain
France
Italy
What countries are not at the Paris Peace Conference?
Germany Austria-Hungary
Russia
Japan

18. What is Wilson’s Plan? Fourteen Points Removal of trade barriers
Reduction of military forces
Self determination of ethnic groups
A permanent agency to settle disputes

19. 14 Points This was Wilson’s plan.
Contains plan for the League of Nations

20. Provisions of the Treaty
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Give back of territory
No Air Force, Navy, small army

21. Germans initially refuse to sign the Treaty of Versailles
France threatens them

22. Problems of the Treaty Reparations ($33 Billion)
War Guilt Clause – Resentment of Germans
Give back of territory – Destroys German ability pay reparations because best industrial areas are not under their control. Also, Germans are upset that other countries control land with German speaking people.
No Air Force, Navy, small army – fostered resentment of German leadership
Japan was alienated
Italy was alienated

23. The “Irreconcilables”
Some Senators were opposed to the plan because it involved the US in the League of Nations (Article 10)
They favor an isolationist policy

24. The “Irreconcilables”

25. Wilson’s Crusade Wilson needs approval of Congress  DIFFICULT US tour
36 speeches in 3 weeks
Stroke & paralysis

26. US Ends War Congress rejected the Treaty of Versailles
Separate peace w/ Germany after Wilson leaves office(1921)
Never joined League of Nations

27. Postwar Adjustments Britain has spent much of its wealth on the war
The US is now the worlds largest creditor nation

28. Despite its new power, the US turns away from international involvement and returns to an ISOLATIONIST foreign policy

29. The soldiers return… There was no plan to return soldiers to society
Jobs proved scarce
Women and minorities were let go
Black soldiers returned to Jim Crow America

30. “We all started out with high ideals…After being right up here at the front line…I cannot understand what it is all about or what has been accomplished by all this waste of youth.”

31. Postwar Gloom - Some Americans felt disillusioned that the war ended an era of progress and optimism