1. UNIT 4 - REACTIONS

2. WARM UP
15 minutes
Take out your notebook. Write the Unit topic (Reactions) on a new page. Copy down these topic objectives.
UNIT 4 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this unit I will be able to:
- Explain the energy content of a chemical reaction.
- Analyze the evidence of chemical change.
- Analyze the law of conservation of matter and how it applies to various types of chemical equations (synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion).
- Explain the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction (temperature, concentration, particle size and presence of a catalyst).

3. AGENDA ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Warm Up Announcements
How do substances interact with each other to produce new ones?
Warm Up
Announcements
Tangram Vocabulary Activity
Chemical equations
Chemical Reactions Group Activity
Summarizing Activity
Group Exit Quiz

4. ANNOUNCEMENTS Tomorrow: Progress Reports & Returned Tests.
By Next Friday, you should have completed and turned in ALL missing assignments.
Upcoming Events: MIDTERMS!!!
Will have everything up to the end of this Unit (Unit 4).
Dates:
Block 1: Monday October 19
Block 2: Tuesday October 20
Block 3: Wednesday October 21
Block 4: Thursday October 22
Report Cards will be issued on November 6 in Homeroom

5. Unit 4 – Subtopic 1: types of chemical reactions
Vocabulary
Types of Chemical Reactions
Remember NOTES are in blue.

6. 15 minutes
VOCABULARY
With your table-mates, solve the tangram puzzle at your desk. When the puzzle is complete, you should have a square where the definitions and vocabulary words are connected.
When you are done, use the information on the tangram to fill out the vocabulary sheet and attach it to your notebook / binder.

7. CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL CHANGE
Remember:
Chemical change happens when two substances react, forming a new substance. (indicated by odor release, bubbles, precipitate formation, color change, temperature change)
Physical change happens when a substance changes in form (size, texture, shape, state of matter, etc)

8. Chemical equations
Chemical equations summarize what takes place in a chemical reaction.
For example instead of writing out:
“Hydrogen reacts with Oxygen to form Water”
We can write:

9. PARTS OF A CHEMICAL EQUATION:

10. TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
There are five types of Chemical reactions.
Synthesis
Decomposition
Single Replacement
Double Replacement
Combustion

11. Group investigation 20 minutes
At the beginning of class, you chose a shape.
Move to the station that matches your shape:
Circles - Synthesis
Squares - Decomposition
Triangles - Single Replacement
Hexagons - Double Replacement
Parallelograms - Combustion
Your group will write down ten things about each type of reaction on your butcher paper.
Move to the station number that matches your shape.

12. Let’s summarize: Fill in this table as we go through the powerpoint.

13. Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Synthesis
two reactants come together to form one product
A + B  AB
2 Cu + O2 2 CuO

14.  + Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Synthesis
two reactants come together to form one product
A + B  AB
2 Cu + O2 2 CuO  +

15. Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Decomposition
one reactant breaks apart to form two or more products
AB  A +B
2 H2CO3 H2O + CO2
NOTE: What is the relationship between synthesis and decomposition reactions?

16. Type of Reaction
Description
General Equation
Example
Decomposition
one reactant breaks apart to form two or more products
AB  A +B
2 H2CO3 H2O + CO2
NOTE: What is the relationship between synthesis and decomposition reactions?  +

17. Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Single Replacement
one element replaces another in a compound! One element ends up “single”
A + BC  AC + B
2 Fe + 3 H2C 3 H2 + Fe2O3

18. +  + Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Single Replacement
one element replaces another in a compound! One element ends up “single”
A + BC  AC + B
2 Fe + 3 H2C 3 H2 + Fe2O3 +  +

19. What is the difference between double replacement and single replacement?
Ni + 2 HClH2 + NiCl Na2SO4+BaCl2 2 NaCl + BaSO4
SINGLE REPLACEMENT DOUBLE REPLACEMENT

20. Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Double Replacement
ions
trade partners, a precipitate forms
AB+CDAD+CB
CaCl2+2AgNO3Ca(NO3)2+2AgCl

21. +  Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Double Replacement
ions trade partners, a precipitate forms
AB + CD  AD + CB
CaCl2 + 2 AgNO3Ca(NO3)2 + 2AgCl (Ca, Ag trade; AgCl precipitates)  +

22. +  + CO2 Type of Reaction Description General Equation Example
Combustion
a hydrocarbon reacts with O2 to produce CO2 and H2O
Hydrocarbon + O2  CO2 + H2O
2CH3OH+ 3O2→2CO2 + 4 H2O + 
+ CO2

23. LET’S SEE HOW MANY YOU CAN GET CORRECT:
When I flash the chemical equation on the screen, write the type of reaction on your group’s white board.

24. 1)  NaOH + KNO3 --> NaNO3 + KOH
Double Replacement

25. 2)  CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O
Combustion

26. 3)  2 Fe + 6 NaBr --> 2 FeBr3 + 6 Na
Single Replacement

27. 4)  CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2 --> Ca(OH)2 +MgSO4
Double Replacement

28. 5)  Pb + O2 --> PbO2
Synthesis

29. 6)  Na2CO3 --> Na2O + CO2
Decomposition

30. 7) 2Al  +  6HCl    2AlCl3 + 3H2
Single Replacement

31. 8) 3H2+ N2 2NH3
Synthesis

32. 9) 2H2O     O2 + 2H2
Decomposition

33. 10) CH3OH + O2 CO2 + H2O
Combustion

34. UNIT 4 - REACTIONS

35. 15 minutes
WARM UP
Answer questions 1-14 from Worksheet 4.1: Chemical Reactions.

36. AGENDA ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Warm Up Announcements
How do substances interact with each other to produce new ones?
Warm Up
Announcements
Chemistry Nobel Prize
Progress Reports
Unit 3 Test Analysis & Retest / Corrections
Unit 4 – Word Equations  Chemical Equations

37. ANNOUNCEMENTS
By Next Friday , you should have completed and turned in ALL missing assignments.
Upcoming Events: MIDTERMS!!!
Will have everything up to the end of this Unit (Reactions).
Dates:
Block 1: Monday October 19
Block 2: Tuesday October 20
Block 3: Wednesday October 21
Block 4: Thursday October 22
Report Cards will be issued on November 6 in Homeroom

38. NOBEL PRIZE
20 minutes
This year’s Nobel Prize went to a team of Chemists researching the way cells repair damaged DNA.
Work with your team to prepare a product summarizing the Chemists’ work on DNA.
What is the basic idea behind the scientists’ work?
Highlight the fact that one of the scientists is from North Carolina.
How important is this for cancer research and curing cancer?
The best products will be posted for the entire school to view, so be neat and informative.
Helpful Websites:
idUSKCN0S10ZP

39. PROGRESS REPORTS 7 minutes Collect your progress report.
Highlight any missing assignments (“0” on your progress report)
Underline assignments that you need a better grade on. (“< 80%” on your progress report)
How do you feel about your current grade? If you would like to change it, visit our class website ( weekend and click “Make Up Work” for instructions.

40. UNIT 3 RETESTS / TEST ANALYSIS
20 minutes
Work independently and quietly to complete your test analysis sheet.
Improve your grade in un-mastered sections. If you need help, use your foldable, notes and the help binder at the front of the room.
If you HAVE completed and turned in your Bloom Ball, you can do test corrections to get a better test grade in the sections that you have not done well in.
If you HAVE NOT completed and turned in your Bloom Ball, you must make a Review Folder for the Unit and Sign up for a retest. Retests will be done during A-Lunch next Monday or after school next Tuesday and Thursday.

41. WORD EQUATIONS  CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
Worksheet 4.1: Chemical Reactions Part II

42. BrINClHOF
When these elements are written in an equation, they are diatomic (2 of them are bonded together).
Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2

43. Unit 4 – subtopic 2: BALANCING EQUATIONS
Predicting Products
The Law of Conservation of Mass
Counting Atoms
Balancing Equations

44. PREDICTING PRODUCTS OF A SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTION

45. 10 minutes
WARM UP
Do you expect these reactions to be double replacement or single replacement? Why?
Ba + AuSO4
PbSO4 + AgNO3
KMnO4 + ZnCl2
Which page of your reference tables has the Activity Series of metals?
Element X is a good conductor of electricity. Which of the following most likely describes elements that are good electrical conductors?
Elements in the same row of the PToE as X.
Elements in the same column of the PToE as X.
Elements that combine with X to form ionic compounds.
Elements that combine with X to form covalent compounds.

46. AGENDA Warm Up Announcements Predicting Products ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How do substances interact with each other to produce new ones?
Warm Up
Announcements
Predicting Products
Single Replacement Reactions
Double replacement Reactions

47. ANNOUNCEMENTS
By This Friday , you should have completed and turned in ALL missing assignments.
Review Wednesday. Unit 4 Test Thursday.
Upcoming Events: MIDTERMS!!!
Will have everything up to the end of this Unit (Reactions).
Dates:
Block 1: Monday October 19
Block 2: Tuesday October 20
Block 3: Wednesday October 21
Block 4: Thursday October 22
Report Cards will be issued on November 6 in Homeroom

48. PREDICTING PRODUCTS OF A SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTION
Get ready for note-taking!!!
Take out the worksheet you did your Warm Up from last week.

49. Predicting Products – Single Replacements
Definition: One element replaces another element
A +BC  AC +B

50. Who would have an easier time getting a date?Or
If you were dating Jabba the Hut, would you replace it with Megan Fox ?

51. Lithium (Li) is like Meghan Fox
Lithium (Li) is like Meghan Fox. She will always be able to get a date with another element.
Jabba the Hut is like Mercury (Hg). If he gets a date he can easily be replaced.

52. A. Elements higher on the activity series can replace elements lower on the chart.
- Ex: Lithium (Li) can replace Mercury (Hg)
B. Elements lower on the chart CANNOT replace elements higher on the chart.
- Ex: Nickel (Ni)cannot replace Sodium (Na)

53. ***~~..::IMPORTANT!!::..~~***
If the single element is higher up, it will replace.
If the single element is NOT higher up, it will NOT replace.

54. Example Problem: Notes
Could this reaction occur? K + BaCl2 Ba + KCl __________
Why?
______________________________________________________________

55. Single Replacement Partner Problems
With a partner, decide if the following reactions will occur.
Rb + LiF  RbF + Li
BaF2 + Mg  MgF2 + Ba
Na2S + K  K2S + Na

56. SINGLE REPLACEMENT – PREDICTING THE PRODUCTS
STEPS:
Will the single element replace (is it higher up)?
2. If yes, swap the METALS ONLY
3. Swap, Drop, and Chop the PAIR of elements!
Predict the products of the following reactions:
Ex. KF + Li 

57. You Try! Predict the products of the following reactions:
1. BaO + Rb 
2. HgO + Na 

58. PREDICTING PRODUCTS OF A DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTION

59. Predicting Products – Double Replacement
Double Replacement: Elements switch partners
AB + CD  AD + BC

60. Predicting Products – Double Replacement
A. You can predict products if you follow the general equation.
A B + C D  A D C B
CaCl2 + AgNO3 Ca(NO3)2 + AgCl
B. You will also have to use your PToE and the polyatomic ion chart to swap, drop, and chop charges

61. Double Replacement Sample Problems
NaOH + KNO3
CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2
MgSO4 + AgNO3
NaBr + Ca(OH)2 
Li2O + NaNO3 
STEPS:
Swap the METAL IONS ONLY
Swap, drop and chop charges to make the products

62. Complete Worksheet 4.2 “Predicting Products”
HOME WORK
Complete Worksheet 4.2 “Predicting Products”
Do not do Part IV: Counting Atoms

63. WARM UP 12 minutes In a chemical reaction, what is meant by the terms
“product”
“reactant”?
What type of reaction is this: CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2 --> Ca(OH)2 + MgSO4
Is the following reaction possible? Why or why not? Na + BaCl2  Ba + NaCl
What are the products of the equation, Na2S + K 
Chromium is characterized by a very high melting point. Use the PToE to identify which of these elements most likely has a similar melting point.
Chlorine
Manganese
Bromine
Krypton

64. AGENDA Warm Up Announcements Counting Atoms Balancing Equations
ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How do substances interact with each other to produce new ones?
Warm Up
Announcements
Counting Atoms
Balancing Equations

65. ANNOUNCEMENTS
Tutoring after school today. Sign up on website or DON’T SHOW UP.
By This Friday , you should have completed and turned in ALL missing assignments.
Review Wednesday. Unit 4 Test Thursday.
Upcoming Events: MIDTERMS!!!
Will have everything up to the end of this Unit (Reactions).
Dates:
Block 1: Monday October 19
Block 2: Tuesday October 20
Block 3: Wednesday October 21
Block 4: Thursday October 22
Report Cards will be issued on November 6 in Homeroom

66. Unit 4 – subtopic 2: BALANCING EQUATIONS
The Law of Conservation of Mass
Counting Atoms
Balancing Equations

67. THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

68. What’s up with the apples?

69. What about these apples?

70. Chemical Reactions  Br Br Br Br Li Li Li Li

71. For the rest of today, we will be balancing chemical equations.
This will seem like a bunch of rules a chemist made up unless you understand the following concepts.

72. Chemical Reaction Notes
1. Law of Conservation of Mass
Mass is neither created nor destroyed – it is simply converted from one form to another.
2. Chemical reactions MUST BE BALANCED
The number of atoms on the reactant side and the product side must be EQUAL
But how do we count the number of atoms?

73. COUNTING ATOMS There are three rules for counting atoms:
Subscripts apply to the element immediately before it.
Coefficients multiply the entire molecule.
If there are parentheses, the subscript multiplies everything inside the parentheses.

74. Counting Atoms Rules
1. Subscripts apply to the element immediately before it Ex) MgCl2 #Mg ____ #Cl_____ 2. Coefficients multiply the entire molecule Ex) 2C2H6 #C___ #H____

75. 3. If there are parentheses, the subscript multiplies everything inside the parentheses
Ex) 3Be(NO3)2 #Be___
#N____
#O____

76. 10 minutes Counting Atoms 3P6(BrO3)3 1. H2SO4 2. Ca(OH)2 3. NaCl
Example:
Your turn:
How many atoms of each element are in the following molecules?
1. H2SO4
2. Ca(OH)2
3. NaCl
4. (NH3)3PO4
5. 3H2O
3P6(BrO3)3

77. BALANCING EQUATIONS

78. To decide if an equation is balanced:
Compare the number of atoms of each element that appear on each side of the equation.
If the number of atoms is equal then the equation is balanced, if not equal than the equation is not balanced
Ex) N2 + 3 H2  2 NH3
Is it balanced?

79. You Try!
C3H8 + 5 O2  3 CO2 + 4 H2O
Is it balanced?

80. Ok, cool.
BUT HOW DO WE ACTUALLY BALANCE THESE BAD BOYS????!!!

81. When balancing… Draw a line between products and reactants
Tally up atoms of each element on each side
Change coefficients to start balancing (never change subscripts!)
Recalibrate each time you change a coefficient
CHECK YOUR WORK!

82. Balancing Chemical Reactions
Ex 1: ____N2 + ____H2  ___NH3

83. Balancing Chemical Reactions
Ex 2: ____FeO  ____Fe ____O2

84. The best way to learn this is to practice.
With a partner, balance the following equations:
____NO + ____O2  ___NO2
____H2 + ____Cl2  ___HCl
____Fe + ____Cl2  ___FeCl3
4. ____CH4 + ____O2  ___CO2 + ___H2O

85. Partner Practice
1. ____NO + ____O2  ___NO2

86. Partner Practice
2. ____H2 + ____Cl2  ___HCl

87. Partner Practice
3. ____Fe + ____Cl2  ___FeCl3

88. Partner Practice
4. ____CH4 + ____O2  ___CO2 + ___H2O

89. Partner Practice 5. ____ K + ____ Cl2  ____ KCl
6. ____ N2 + ____ F2  ____ NF3

90. Independent Practice
For the rest of class, work on and complete Worksheet 4.2.
Show your work in balancing equations on the back of the worksheet.
When you get done: come and see me. If you are done, I will have you check your answers against my answer key. If you get any wrong, you must go back and fix them.
If you get done with that: You may help a neighbor.

91. Exit Ticket Balance the following equations: ___Na + ___Cl2  ___NaCl
___Al + ___HBr  ___AlBr3 + ___H2