1. Degree of Comparison There are three kinds of comparison: 1
Degree of Comparison There are three kinds of comparison: 1. Positive degree 2. Comparative degree 3. Superlative degree

2. Positive Degree
→ is used o compare two thinks that are equal.
The pattern :
S + to be + as + adj + as
S + verb + as + adv + as
Examples
My book is as interesting as yours
His car runs as fast as a race car
Their house is as big as that one

3. The Pattern for 1 syllable
2. Comparative Degree
→ is used to compare two things that are not equal.
The Pattern for 1 syllable
S + to be + adj + er + than
S + verb + adv + er + than
Examples
Today is hotter than yesterday
Bill runs faster than Bob
This exercise is easier than the last one
Andi works harder than his brother

4. The pattern for more than two syllables S + to be + more + adj + than
S + verb + more + adv + than
Examples
This red dress is more comfortable than the white
He speaks Spanish more fluently than I
This year’s exhibit is more impressive than the last year’s
He visits his family more frequently than she does

5. The pattern for 1 syllable
3. Superlative Degree
→ is used to compare one thing with two or more other things.
The pattern for 1 syllable
S + to be + the + adj + est
S + verb + the + adv + est
Examples
John is the tallest boy in the family
2. He works the hardest employee of all the employee in this office.

6. The pattern for more than two syllables
S + to be + the most + adj
S + verb + the most + adv
Examples
That was the most boring film I have ever seen
Sally dances the most gracefully of all the participant
NOTE
* Use the form more + adjective for adjective ending in the
following suffixes: -ed, -ful, -ing, -ish and ous (more
useful, more boring, more cautious)
* When an adjective ends in a consonant +y, change the y
to i and add –er or - est (happy-happier/ the happiest, dry-drier/the
driest) and for –some, - ow and add –er or -est (handsomer/the
handsomest, narrower/the narrowest)

7. POSITIVE
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
Bad
Far
Good
Well
Little
much/many
Worse
Farther
Further
Better
Less
more
The worst
The Farthest
The Furthest
The best
the best
The least
The most

8. For examples
1. His behavior is as bad (bad) as his brother’s.
2. New York has the most (many) tall buildings of any city in the world
3. She knits as good (good) as her mother
4. Alisa plays the violin better (good) than the other violinist

9. Exercises
You can tell Harris about it just ____(easily) as I can.
That tall woman is _____ (ambitious) secretary in this house.
Pierre understands English _____ (little) of all the students
He plays guitar _____ (well) as Andre Segovia.
Nobody is _______ (happy) than Maria Elen
Brazil export ____ (much) coffee of all the American countries

10. Passive Voice

11. BACKGROUND
Sentences can be written or spoken in the active or passive voice. Active sentence is the sentence where the subject is doing the work, by contrast, passive sentences are sentences where the subject is the object of the sentence imposed by the job.

12. ACTIVE SETENCE CHANGE INTO PASSIVE SETENCE
1. PRESENT FORM
Example:
John bites Marry (active)
Marry is bitten by John (Passive)
AKTIF :S + V1 + O
PASIF :S + To be (is,am,are) + V3 + by_

13. 2. PAST FORM Contoh: John bit Mary (active)
AKTIF :S + V2 + O
PASIF :S + be(was/were ) + V3 + by_
Contoh:
John bit Mary (active)
Mary was bitten by John (passive)

14. 3. CONTINOUS FORM Example: John is biting Marry (active)
Marry is being bitten by John (Passive)
AKTIF :S + To be + V-ing + O
PASIF :S + To be + being + V3 + by

15. 4. PERFECT FORM Example: John has bitten Marry (active)
AKTIF :S + To be (has/have/had)+ V3 + O
PASIF :S + To be (has/have/had ) been + V3 + by
Example:
John has bitten Marry (active)
Marry has been bitten by John (Passive)

16. 5. FUTURE FORM Example: John will bite Mary(active)
AKTIF :S + will+ V1 + O
PASIF :S + will+( be)inf + V3 + by_
Example:
John will bite Mary(active)
Marry will bitten by John (Passive)

17. The Conversion from Active Form to Passive Form
Present
She washes her dresses.
She is washing her dresses.
She has washing her dresses.
Her dresses are washed.
Her dresses are being washed.
Her dresses have been washed.
Past
She washed her dresses.
She was washing her dresses.
She had washed her dresses.
Her dresses were washed.
Her dresses were being washed.
Continous
Her dresses is being washed.
Perfect
She has washed her dresses.
Her dresses has been washed.
Future
She will wash her dresses.
Her dresses will be washed.

18. KETERANGAN
Untuk mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif adalah sebagai berikut:
Tenses kalimat pasif sama dengan tense kalimat aktif
Subjek dalam kalimat pasif berasal dari objek kalimat aktif
Objek dalam kalimat pasif berasal dari subjek kalimat aktif
Verb/kata kerja dalam kalimat aktif berupa menjadi to be + V3 atau to be + being + V3

19. Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle
Form of Passive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle
Example: A letter was written
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

20. Use of Passive
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

21. FINISH… Thank You… ^^

22. Any Questions…?