1. Insights Into the Role of Nicotine in Pancreatic Stem Cell Activation and Acinar Dedifferentiation 
Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Surinder K. Batra 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 147, Issue 5, Pages (November 2014)
DOI: /j.gastro
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2. Figure 1
The effect of nicotine treatment in normal mice and Kras-mutated mice. (A) Nicotine treatment in normal mice show increased Sox9+ stem cell populations and decreased Gata6 levels owing to C-MYC transactional repression. (B) Nicotine treatment in Kras-mutated mice decreases Gata6 levels resulting in increases in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm (PanIN) development, macrophage recruitment, stem cell expression, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression. Metformin treatment in Kras mice down-regulates C-MYC, leading to increased Gata6 levels, which in turn delays the onset of PanIN development. PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2014 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions