1. G061 - Data, Information & Knowledge

2. Objectives To be able to: define the term data
define the term information
define the term knowledge
distinguish the difference between information and knowledge

3. Data Definition of Data: data is raw facts and figures,
values that, on their own have no meaning,
301083, 23edfr32

4. Data numbers and letters/alphanumeric characters (1)
A software company creates on-line training packages for a number of different customers.
Define the term data [2]
numbers and letters/alphanumeric characters (1)
without meaning (1)
raw facts and figures (1)
unprocessed (1)

5. Information Definition of Information:
data that is given meaning by its context
the result of taking the data and processing it
processing is performing some action on the data.
calculating a total or average …
Information = Data + Structure + Context

6. Information

7. Information
Miss Jones, the owner of a landscape gardening company, is currently researching the prices charged by her competitors.
Using an example, show how structure, context and meaning can be added to the data collected about landscape gardening to turn it into information.
Data: eg 1750 (1)
Structure: eg nnnn (1)
Context: eg UK currency (1)
Meaning: Amount charged per hour in pence (1).

8. Examples

9. Knowledge Definition of Knowledge:
knowledge is the result of interpreting information
drawing a conclusion from information
knowledge is based on rules
Information: We sold 200 tin of beans today
Knowledge: That’s a lot of beans! We’d better order some more.
knowledge is used to build up sets of rules
it is hotter in July therefore we will sell more Ice Cream, so we need to increase the order for ice cream in June.

10. Difference Between Information and Knowledge
Information is based on facts
Information is based on processed data
Knowledge is the result of interpreting data Knowledge is based on rules,
rules are based on probabilities, not certainties
rules can change as knowledge changes