1. TeV sources analysis with AGILE Fabrizio Lucarelli
(ASI Science Data Center/INAF-OAR)
Co-authors:
C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, F. Longo, A. Rappoldi
On behalf of the AGILE Team

2. Outline The AGILE space mission
Systematic search for TeV counterparts in the AGILE data
Analysis of selected UNID TeV sources
Summary and outlook
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

3. The AGILE Mission
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011 3

4. ASI Mission with INFN, INAF e CIFS participation.
AGILE on PSLV-C8 Sriharikota, India, April 2007
The AGILE Payload: the most compact instrument for high-energy astrophysics:
only ~100 kg
~ 60  60 cm
Payload
ASI Mission with INFN, INAF e CIFS participation.
-ray astrophysics: 30 MeV - 50 GeV energy range and simultaneous X-ray capability between keV

5. The AGILE payload HARD X-RAY IMAGER (SUPER-AGILE): 18-60 keV
ANTICOINCIDENCE
SHIELD
GAMMA-RAY IMAGER DETECTOR (GRID):
30MeV-50GeV
SILICON TRACKER
(MINI) CALORIMETER:
MeV
GRID performances:
A_eff = MeV (500 cm2 above 400 MeV)
Angular Res. (68% cont.radius) = MeV 400 MeV)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

6. Two “lifes” of AGILE AGILE-POINT AGILE-SPIN 1/5 ~ 70-80 % time period
Jul.07 – Oct.09
Nov today
attitude
fixed
variable
(spinning ~ 1º/sec)
sky coverage
1/5
~ %
1-day exposure ( 30 deg 100 MeV)
~ 2x (cm2 sec)
(0.5-1)x (cm2 sec)
From the launch up to Oct. 2009, AGILE operated in fixed-pointing mode, pointing to predefinite directions, completing more than 100 observations block, each one with long exposure typically lasting days. Since Nov. 2009, due to a failure in one of the stabilization wheel, AGILE was reconfigured in put in a safe spinning rotational mode.
Flux sensitivity in pointing: 3x10^-7 ph/cm2/s (5sigma in 10^6 s at high lat. on-axis)
1-yr Flux sensitivity in spinning (E>100 MeV):
18 x 10-7 ph cm-2 s-1
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

7. The AGILE gamma-ray sky (E>100 MeV)
Green circles:
1AGL sources
(Pittori et al. 2009)
2AGL and 1AGL variability
catalogs in preparation
(Bulgarelli et al. 2011, Verrecchia et al. 2011)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

8. Search for GeV counterparts of TeV sources in the AGILE-GRID data
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9. GeV-TeV correlation HESS-EGRET correlation TeV-0FGL/1FGL correlation
Funk et al 2008
Spatial correlation.
SED studies => emission
mechanisms.
Identification of UNID TeV
sources.
Search for GeV counterparts of TeV sources is important for different reasons, like study of spatial correlation between the GeV and TeV emissions, spectral shape connection, can help to identify the emission mechanisms of the gamma emission.
Tam et al 2010, 2011
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

10. AGILE results on specific TeV sources
Extra-galactic:
Mkn 421 (Donnarumma et al. 2009, ApJ 691)
S (Giommi et al A&A 487, Chen et al A&A 489)
W Comae (Acciari et al. 2009, ApJ 707)
PG (Aleksic et al. 2010, A&A 515)
PKS (Pucella et al. 2008, A&A 491, D’Ammando et al. 2009, A&A 508)
Galactic:
IC 443 (Tavani et al. 2010, ApJL 710)
SNR W28 (Giuliani et al. 2010, ApJL …)
Cygnus X-1 (Sabatini et al. 2010, Del Monte et al 2010)
Vela X (Pellizzoni et al 2010, Science 327)
Crab Nebula (Tavani et al. 2011, Science 311)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

11. AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources I Extended Source (Shell)
Tavani et al. 2010, ApJL 710
MAGIC 95% CL
VERITAS 95% CL
AGILE - Region A
MAGIC ULs
(Albert et al. 2007)
Gev Source ≠ TeV Source
Extended Source (Shell)
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12. AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources II
W28
Giuliani et al. 2010, ApJL ..
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13. AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources III
Vela X
Pellizzoni et al 2010, Science 327
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

14. AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources IV
Crab Nebula
Tavani et al. 2011, Science 311
Sept.’10 Flare
Oct.’07 Flare
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

15. Systematic Search for TeV counterparts
Complete automated search for E>100 MeV sources spatially correlated with all known TeV sources.
Using AGILE-GRID pointing period of 2.3 yrs
Official GRID public data archive provided by ASDC.
Data analysis criteria: multi-source Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis around the TeV position (Mattox et al. 1996, Chen et al. 2010)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

16. TeV source input list http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/ PWN 24 Starburst 2
AGN 45 (HBL 29)
Other Galact 3
SNR /MC 14
UNID
PSR, XRB 3
Total: 116 sources
The TeV sky up to Apr.’11
Revision of all TeV positions made ASDC (Carosi, Lucarelli, Antonelli and Capalbi)
New TeV source catalog soon available at the ASDC interactive web pages (access to all ASDC and VO tools)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

17. Detections sqrt(TS>4 )
Preliminary Results
Source Class
TeV Catalog
Detections sqrt(TS>4 )
AGN (HBL, LBL, …) 45 10
Starburst 2 --
PWN 24 8
SNR 14 5
XRB 3 1
UNID 25 6
Other Galactic
30% of TeV sources show counterparts in AGILE first 2.3yrs data
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

18. Preliminary Results
Example: 3C 66A analysis
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

19. Analysis of selected UNID TeV sources using the AGILE data in spinning
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20. Main goal
Search for E>100 MeV gamma-rays from a sample of UNID TeV sources
Using AGILE-GRID data covering the Cycle-3 spinning period (Dec.2009-Nov. 2010)
Search program proposed and accepted for the 3rd AGILE AO (Lucarelli et al. 2010).
Analysis: Multi-source ML analysis around the TeV position.
Software: official AGILE-SW v4.0 (Bulgarelli et al. 2009)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

21. Sample and preliminary results
Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation
TeV Source
ML sqrt(TS)
F(E > 100 MeV)
[ph/cm2/s]
HESS J (*)
1.3
< 3.2E-07
HESS J
5.1
(5.4 +/- 1.2)E-07
HESS J
0.2
<9E-07
HESS J (*)
4.3
(4.1 +/- 1.1)E-07
HESS J
5.8
(6.3 +/- 1.2)E-07
HESS J
0.9
< 3.1E-07
HESS J
< 3.5E-07
(*) recently identified
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

22. Sample and preliminary results
Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation
TeV Source
ML sqrt(TS)
F(E > 100 MeV)
[ph/cm2/s]
HESS J (*)
1.3
< 3.2E-07
HESS J
5.1
(5.4 +/- 1.2)E-07
HESS J
0.2
<9E-07
HESS J (*)
4.3
(4.1 +/- 1.1)E-07
HESS J
5.8
(6.3 +/- 1.2)E-07
HESS J
0.9
< 3.1E-07
HESS J
< 3.5E-07
(*) recently identified
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

23. Preliminary results: HESS J1841-055
Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation
Still UNID
Preliminary results show an excess in the AGILE data within 0.5°.
95% C.L. contour slightly overlaps with the TeV extended emission.
2FGL J within the AGILE 95% C.L. error circle.
Fermi spectral index: 2.5 (very steep). UL between MeV: < 4.35e-7
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

24. Preliminary results: HESS J1731-347
Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation
Recently identified as the shell-type SNR G (HESS coll., 2011)
No FGL sources within the AGILE error circle
Spectral analysis and analysis using all AGILE public data (pointing period) is ongoing.
AGILE count map (E>100 MeV)
Preliminary
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

25. Summary and outlook I
A systematic search of MeV-GeV counterparts of TeV sources in the AGILE first 2.3 yrs of data has been performed.
The preliminary results show E>100 MeV counterparts for 30% of the 116 TeV sources analysed.
Detailed analysis is ongoing.
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

26. Summary and outlook II
Analysis of a selected sample of UNID TeV sources has been performed using Cycle-3 AGILE data taken in spinning mode (AO3 program).
The analysis of the proprietary data shows preliminary excess of E>100MeV gammas from the regions near HESS J , HESS J and HESS J
Spectral and deeper analysis using the whole AGILE data (pointing+spinning) is ongoing.
Same proposal submitted to the 4th AGILE AO.
Oct.’11: public Cycle-3 Data + new AGILE-SW release and
calibrations available from ASDC webpage (agile.asdc.asi.it)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

27. Thank you.

28. The TeV ASDC
Available from Sept.
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

29. Backup Slides

30. Preliminary results: HESS J1632-478
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

31. AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources I
Tavani et al. 2010, ApJL 710
MAGIC 95% CL
VERITAS 95% CL
Gev Source ≠ TeV Source
Extended Source (Shell)
Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011