1. Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids

2. METALS Constitute more than 75% of all the elements.
Concentrated on the left side and center of the table.

4. METALS Physical Properties of Metals: Shiny
Generally a silver colour (except for gold and copper)
Malleable
Ductile
Solid at room temperature (except Mercury)
Conducts heat and electricity.

5. Examples of Metals Chromium: Used in making stainless steel.
Barium: Used in glassmaking and in rat poison
Scandium: Used in high intensity lights.
Thallium: Used in ant killer and in treating ringworm (in small, controlled amounts)

6. NONMETALS Constitute about 15% of the elements.
Located on the far right side of the periodic table.

8. NONMETALS Physical Properties of Nonmetals: No lustre
Brittle (not malleable or ductile)
Non-conductors or insulators of heat
Non-conductors or insulators of electricity (except graphite)
Either solid or gas at room temperature (except bromine)

9. Examples of Nonmetals Fluorine: Used in rocket fuel.
Sulfur: Used in making matches and in pyrotechnics
Neon: Used in light signs and in lasers.
Radon: Naturally occurring gas that can be a side product of nuclear power plants.

10. METALLOIDS Constitute about 6% of the elements
Located on the ‘staircase’ of the periodic table.

12. METALLOIDS Physical Properties of Metaloids:
Have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
All are solid at room temperature.
Some have lustre
Tend to behave like nonmetals (except in terms of electrical conductivity)

13. Examples of Metalloids
Boron: Used in fighter aircrafts and in soaps.
Arsenic: Used in the treatment of cancer, but can be poisonous in large amounts.
Silicon: Used in electronics and automotive parts.

14. How is the Periodic Table broken down?
Chemical Families
How is the Periodic Table broken down?

15. Chemical Families
A chemical family is…
Elements that possess similar chemical and physical properties.

16. Blank Periodic Table
We will be colouring the blank periodic table attached to your notes.
A different colour will be assigned to each chemical family.
Please make a key that indicates which colours match up with which family.
i.e.
ALKALI METALS

17. Chemical Families A special element because it only has 1 electron.
1) Hydrogen Family –
A special element because it only has 1 electron.
(we’ll talk about electrons later)

18. HYDROGEN SHADE IN HYDROGEN ON YOUR BLANK PERIODIC TABLE
Most commonly found hydrogen:
WATER!
H20
SHADE IN HYDROGEN ON YOUR BLANK PERIODIC TABLE

19. Chemical Families Found in group 18
2) Noble Gases
Found in group 18
Chemically stable and very unreactive.

20. Most commonly known noble gas:
NOBLE GASES
Most commonly known noble gas:
HELIUM

21. Chemical Families 3) Alkali metals
VERY REACTIVE- rarely found on their own
Shiny, silvery and soft
Relatively low densities
Found in group 1

22. ALKALI METALS Most commonly known Alkali metal: SODIUM
When combined with Chlorine, makes Sodium Chloride…
AKA Table Salt.

23. Chemical Families 4) Alkaline Earth Metals
Less reactive than alkali metals
Shiny and silvery, but not as soft as alkali metals
Found in group 2

24. ALKALI EARTH METALS Common use of Alkali Earth Metals:
Magnesium burns so actively in the air that it is often used in flares.
Burns a brilliant, bright white.

25. Chemical Families 5) Halogens Very reactive- rarely found on own
Found in group 17

26. HALOGENS Common Halogen uses:
Iodine: Used to clean cuts and in halogen lamps