2. Origin or mean of Latin American countries names. (central America)
Mexico (Per Latin American education standards Mexico is located in north America), would mean "moon" (mētztli) and navel (xīctli). This meaning ("Place at the Center of the Moon") might then refer to Tenochtitlan's position in the middle of Lake Texcoco. Most acceptance mean is: between water under the moon. (Come from Aztecs civilization).
Guatemala, comes from the Nahuatl (Mayans). word Cuauhtēmallān, or "place of many trees or Land of many trees”. a derivative of the K'iche' Mayan word for "many trees“.
El Salvador, Spanish form of the Late Latin name Salvator, which meant "saviour“ (Religious Origin).
Honduras, The literal meaning of the term "Honduras" is "depths" in Spanish. The name come from Columbus's alleged quote that "Gracias a Dios que hemos salido de esas Honduras" ("Thank God we have departed from those depths")

3. Central america
Nicaragua, name is derived from Nicarao, the name of the Nahuatl- speaking tribe which inhabited the shores of Lake Nicaragua before the Spanish conquest of the Americas, and the Spanish word 'Agua', meaning water, due to the presence of the large Lake Cocibolca (or Lake Nicaragua) and Lake Managua (orLake Xolotlán) also most accepted is kingdom next or between the water.
Costa Rica, the name la costa rica, meaning "rich coast" in the Spanish language, was in some accounts first applied by Christopher Columbus, who sailed to the eastern shores of Costa Rica during his final voyage in 1502, and reported vast quantities of gold jewelry worn by natives

4. Central America and Caribbean
Panama, the first settlers arrived in Panama in August, when butterflies abound, and that the name means "many butterflies" in indigenous tongue.
Cuba, Historians believe the name Cuba comes from the Taíno language, however "its exact derivation [is] unknown". The exact meaning of the name is unclear but it may be translated either as 'where fertile land is abundant' (cubao), or 'great place' or Land of great heights (coabana).
Republica Dominicana, The "Dominican" word comes from the Latin Dominicus, meaning Sunday. However, the island has this name by Santo Domingo de Guzmán, founder of the Order of the Dominicans (religious origin)
Puerto Rico, Christopher Columbus arrived at Puerto Rico in He originally called the island San Juan Bautista, but thanks to the gold in the river, it was soon known as Puerto Rico, or “rich port;” and the capital city took the name San Juan

5. South America
Argentina, the name Argentina. It comes from the Latin term "argentum", which means silver. The origin of this name goes back to the first voyages made by the Spanish conquerors to the Río de la Plata.
Chile, the native word means "land's end“ (Aymara) or else "cold, winter,(Quechua – Inca’s empire official language)" which would make a coincidental convergence with English chilly. Related: Chilean.
Uruguay, come from the guarani word "Uruguay" has traditionally been taken to mean "River of the painted birds". ... URU guay is a river, guaymeans river in Guarani, URU means snail.

6. South America.
Paraguay, The word Paraguay is derived from Paraguay River. The indigenous people known as the Guarani had words meaning para (ocean) and gua (to or from) y (water). Put all those together and you get the “river that goes to the ocean” or “river that gives birth to the sea. Also could mean at the door of the water or sea.
Bolivia, would get its name from Simon Bolivar, the military and political leader that changed the course of Colonial South America together with San Martin. Bolivia during the 18th century was known as Upper Peru and as was an autonomous region dependent on the Viceroyalty of Peru.
Peru, come from indigenous word Viru or Biru, when Spanish conquerors arrive they were told by the aborigines that land was the land of Viru or Biru who was an ancient aborigines leader.

7. South america
Ecuador, The name come from the Equatorial line that divide the earth in both north and south and cross this country right in it’s center.
Colombia, Meaning. The word "Colombia" is named after ChristopherColumbus, the explorer who discovered the Americas. In 1819, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama declared independence from Spain, and formed a country called "Gran Colombia".
Venezuela, according to the most popular and accepted version, in 1499, an expedition led by Alonso de Ojeda visited the Venezuelan coast. The stilt houses in the area of Lake Maracaibo reminded the Italian navigator, Amerigo Vespucci, of the city of Venice, Italy, so he named the region Veneziola, or "Little Venice"

8. Europe and africa
España, Spain was first called Iberia a name given to it by its Iberian inhabitants (from North Africa).  The name was supposedly based on the Iberian word for river, Iber. They reached Spain around b.c.  When the Greeks arrived on Spanish soil around 600 b.c. they referred to the peninsula as Hesperia, meaning "land of the setting sun."  When the Carthaginians came around 300 b.c. they called the country Ispania (from Sphan, "rabbit"), which means "land of the rabbits."  The Romans arrived a century later and adopted the Carthaginian name of the country, calling it Hispania.  Later, this became the present day Spanish name for the country, España.  Thus, because of the Romans and their language, the rabbits won over the sunset and over the river.