1. Rethinking Water Management in African Cities Michael Webster, World Bank Africa Urban Infrastructure Summit, Cape Town, April 22, 2013 1

2. Africas looming water crisis In the next 20 years, African cities will double, and water demand will triple; whereas, water supply is shrinking Our current approach is not working We need to think more creatively and pragmatically about future options 2

3. Research project in 31 large African cities 3

4. Urban population will double in the next 20 years (3.9% per year) 4

5. With some of the highest rates of urban growth in the world 5

6. With still most urban population in secondary cities

7. Urbanization brings growth… 7 Economic footprint of urban areas Source: World Development Report, 2009 1970 2009

8. Urbanization happens early… 8 Much of urbanization happens before countries get to $5,000 per capita Source: WDR 2009

9. 9

10. But faster urban growth has also meant faster growth of slums (1990-2001) 10

11. Water demand will more than triple in 25 years – twice any other region (2005-2030) 11 Source: McKinsey, 2011

12. And African countries face a dramatic decrease in water availability per capita over the next 20 years cuc 12

13. But we currently use 19 th century principles of water management Urban form created with little input from water professionals – we just plumb it up later ! Stormwater and wastewater treated as waste Institutional landscape not conducive for holistic approach Regulations are inflexible - cant deal well with resource efficiency…. 13

14. And business as usual is not working… 14

15. Source: CSIRO Intermittent & Irregular Supply Water Scarcity Fast Growing Cities Irregular Energy Supply Highly Polluted Water Bodies Lack of Wastewater Collection and Treatment Poor Solid Waste Management High Levels of Leakage Low Pressure We need to think about the entire water cycle as one system 15

16. Future water sources in Nairobi 16

17. Think creatively about water sources E.g. Windhoek, Durban, Singapore reuse wastewater Windhoek water sourcesDurban reuses 10% for industry 17

18. Arua (Uganda): Can decentralized solutions postpone a very large infrastructure project? Source: ian.umces.edu Provided effective watershed management in place 18

19. Mbale (Uganda): A window of opportunity for adaptive solutions 19

20. IUWM challenges and capacity 20

21. Water operators and municipalities want integrated plans 21

22. Conclusion IUWM is still an emerging approach Lots of application for upstream planning Pilots are needed to demonstrate value More work is needed on the financial and institutional issues Lots of interest from Central and Local Governments 22

23. 23 http://water.worldbank.org/node/84190 Thank you!