1. Charles Warren and Ben Kangas
Basics of Networking
Charles Warren and Ben Kangas

2. OSI Model

3. Switching Layer: Two Devices: Switch PDU: Frames Protocols: ARP
Uses mac addresses to identify hosts.
Creates mac address tables to distribute frames to designated hosts.
Mac address are used throughout LANs and are used by both routers and switches.

4. Routing Layer: Three Devices: Routers and L3 Switches. PDU: Packets
Protocols: IP(IPv4, IPv6) IPsec
Uses IP addresses to identify hosts.
Uses Routing Tables to send information across network segments.

5. What is an IP Address?
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
IPv4
Four octets
32 bits
IPv6
Eight hextets
0:0:0:0:0:ffff:c0a8:1
128 bits

6. Dissecting an IP Address
Network Address | Host Address /CIDR Subnet mask / /

7. Public IP Addressing Class A: Address Space: A.x.x.x CIDR Notation: /8
Example: 10.x.x.x
Class B:
Address Space: A.B.x.x
CIDR Notation: /16
Example: x.x
Class C:
Address Space: A.B.C.x
CIDR Notation: /24
Example: x

8. Private IP Addressing Class A: Class B: Class C:
Address Space: –
CIDR Notation: /8
Use Cases: Large corporations and institutions
Class B:
Address Space: –
CIDR Notation: /12
Use Cases: Small and Medium Businesses
Class C:
Address Space: –
CIDR Notation: /16
Use Cases: Small Offices and Home Offices