1. I have to Support What?!?!?!
A Side by Side comparison of SQL Server, Oracle, and MongoDB

2. About Paychex
Paychex is a leading provider of integrated human capital management solutions for payroll, HR, retirement, and insurance services. Backed by 47 years of industry expertise, Paychex serves approximately 605,000 payroll client as of May 31, 2017, across more than 100 locations and pays one out of every 12 American private sector employees.

3. About the Speakers: Kim
DBA since 2009
Currently working at Paychex
Have worked at Xerox, FujiFilm, and Wegmans
Have administered SQL Server, Oracle, and Netezza
Have also touched Informix, Postgres, and Mongo
Graduated from RIT
Married, 2 kids (both in college)
Member of PASS
PASS Summit Program Committee 2013,14,15, and 2016
Twitter: @kstjacques
LinkedIn:

4. About the Speakers: Mike
DBA since 2010
Currently working at Paychex
Have worked at Paetec, Windstream, Thomson Reuters previously
Have administered Oracle, MySQL, MariaDB, Cassandra, DB2
Using MongoDB for 4 years
MongoDB Master 2016-present
Graduated from Drexel University in Philadelphia
Married, 4 kids
Twitter: @mikegray831
LinkedIn:
Blog:

5. About the Audience: YOU!
SQL Server Professionals
Oracle Professionals
MongoDB Professionals
None of the above
Kim

6. Agenda Introduction to MongoDB When to use SQL Server/Oracle/MongoDB
Terminology Differences
Differences between SQL Server and Oracle
Let’s Compare them All!
Summary
Questions?
Kim

7. What is MongoDB? NoSQL (not only SQL) database Document Store Database
Stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents, meaning fields can vary from document to document and data structure can be changed over time
High availability through built-in replication and failover
Horizontal scalability through sharding
Mike

8. Table vs. Document
Mike

9. Guidelines on when to use
Relational Databases
(SQL Server and Oracle)
NoSQL Database
(MongoDB)
Complicated querying, database transactions, and routine analysis of data
Storing serialized arrays in JSON objects
Referential integrity. ACID required
Storing records in the same collection that have different fields or attributes
Just about anything that fits in a relational model.
Constantly changing schema
Semi-structured data
Mike

10. (SQL Server and Oracle)
Terminology
Relational Databases
(SQL Server and Oracle)
NoSQL Database
(MongoDB)
Table
Collection
Row
Document
Column
Field
Mike

11. SQL Server and Oracle Differences

12. SQL Server and Oracle are Different
T-SQL vs PL/SQL
Instance/Database/Schema
SQL - Instance - container for system objects and datafiles.
SQL - Database - container for schemas and their associated objects.
Oracle - Database - container for system information and schemas
Oracle - Schema - container for datafiles and objects.
Error Log vs Alert Log
Active/Active
DBOwner
Transact SQL vs Procedural Language SQL
TOP vs rownum in where clause / GO
SQL - Instance - container for system objects and datafiles.
SQL - Database - container for schemas and their associated objects.
Oracle - Database - container for system information and schemas
Oracle - Schema - container for datafiles and objects.

13. Database Creation
Kim: Mike and I decided the office could really use a puppy dog. Picking the right dog is tough so we decided we needed a database to help aid us in the decision making process.

14. Create Database Oracle SQL Server MongoDB
Create database <dbname>
<Parameters>…;
EXAMPLE:
CREATE DATABASE Dogs
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY password
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY password
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\Dogs\dogs_redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 ('C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\Dogs\dogs_redo02.log') SIZE 100M
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE 'C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\Dogs\dogs_system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
...
---OR USE DBCA---
SQL Server
MongoDB
Create database <dbname>
Example:
CREATE DATABASE Dogs;
use <database name>
db.<collection name>.insert({field: value})
Example:
use dogs
db.breeds.insert({ “group” : “Hound”, type: “Basset”})
Kim
Call out the difference with database and instances.
Not Apples to apples
DBCA - Database Configuration Assistant

15. Object Creation

16. Create a Table SQL Server Oracle MongoDB CREATE TABLE
[ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] table_name
( { <column_definition> } [ ,...n ] )
[ ; ]
Example:
CREATE TABLE Dogs.dbo.Basset (
DogID int,
Name varchar(30),
EarLength int );
create table <table_name> (columns datatypes) tablespace tablespace_name;
Example:
CREATE TABLE Basset (
DogID number,
Name varchar(30),
EarLength number );
use <database_name>
db.createCollection(name, options)
Example:
use dogs
db.createCollection(basset)
Mike - We decided a Basset Hound was a must!
Comment int is available but not used
Oracle converts to a number 38

17. Add a Column SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
alter table <table_name> add new_field new_field_datatype;
Example:
USE DOGS;
ALTER TABLE Basset
ADD weight int;
alter table <table_name> add ( new_field new_field_datatype);
Example:
ALTER TABLE Basset
ADD column weight (number(5));
use <database_name>
db.collection.update({},{$set: “new_field” :1}, {upsert:false, multi:true})
Example:
use dogs
db.basset.update({},{$set: “weight”: 1}, {multi: true})
Kim - Want to see how fit our Basset is

18. Create an Index SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1 (col1);
Example:
USE DOGS;
CREATE INDEX IX_DogID ON Basset(DogID);
Create index <index_name> on <table_name> <options>;
Example:
CREATE INDEX DogID_IDX ON Basset(DogID);
use <database_name>
db.collection.createIndex(keys, options)
Example:
use dogs
db.basset.createIndex({DogID})
Mike

19. Remove a Column SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
alter table <table_name> drop column <column_name>;
Example:
ALTER TABLE Basset
DROP COLUMN EarLength;
use <database_name>
db.collection.update({},{$unset: “new_field” :1}, {multi:true})
Example:
use dogs
db.basset.update({},{$unset : “EarLength” : 1}, {multi: true})
alter table <table_name> drop column <column_name>;
Example:
USE DOGS;
ALTER TABLE Basset
DROP COLUMN EarLength;
Kim - Bassets are a bit self conscious about there ears… especially if they are often mistaken for a beagle.

20. Create a Role SQL Server Oracle MongoDB CREATE ROLE roleName GO
EXAMPLE:
USE Dogs;
CREATE ROLE DogOwner;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE on Basset to DogOwner;
CREATE ROLE roleName;
Example:
CREATE ROLE DogOwner;
GRANT CREATE SESSION to DogOwner;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE on Basset to DogOwner;
use admin
db.createRole({ role: “roleName”, privileges: [ {
resource: { db: “appDB”, collection: “”}, actions: [ “find” ]}], roles: [ { role: “read”, db: “admin” }])
EXAMPLE:
db.createRole({ role: “DogOwner”, privileges: [{ resource: { db: “dogs”, collection: “basset”}, actions: [ “find”,”insert”,”update”,”remove”]}])
Mike
Mongo - Create local role?

21. Create a User SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
CREATE LOGIN [<domainName>\<login_name>] FROM WINDOWS;
CREATE LOGIN <login_name> WITH PASSWORD = '<enterStrongPasswordHere>';
USE DBName
CREATE USER <new user name> FOR LOGIN <login name>;
EXAMPLE:
USE master;
CREATE LOGIN Owner1 WITH
USE Dogs;
Create USER Owner1 FOR LOGIN Owner1;
create user <username> identified by <password>;
EXAMPLE:
create user owner1 identified by P#ssw0rd;
use admin
db.createUser({ username: “username”, pwd: “changeMe”, roles: [ { role: “role1”, db: “appDB”}, { role: “role2”, db: admin”}])
EXAMPLE:
db.createUser({ username: “mongodb”, pwd: “mongodb”, roles: [{ role: “dogOwner”, db: “basset”}])
Kim
SQL Server security is a 2 step process. First you need to add a login so a user can access the SQL Server INSTANCE. Then you need to create a database user and map the user to a login so the user can access the database once connected to the instance.

22. Assign a Role to a User SQL Server Oracle MongoDB ALTER ROLE role_name{
ADD MEMBER database_principal
| DROP MEMBER database_principal
| WITH NAME = new_name }
Example:
USE Dogs;
ALTER ROLE DogOwner ADD MEMBER Owner1;
grant role_name to username;
Example:
GRANT DogOwner to Owner1;
use admin
db.grantRolesToUser(
“Username”, [ roles])
Example:
db.grantRolesToUser(“Owner1”, [roles: {role: “DogOwner”, db: “basset”}])
Mike

23. CRUD Operations

24. Insert a Row SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
insert into <tablename> (column1,column2, column3, etc.) VALUES (value1, value2,value3, etc.);
Example:
INSERT INTO Basset
VALUES (1,'Princess Buttercup', '65');
insert into <tablename> (column1,column2, column3, etc.) VALUES (value1, value2,value3, etc.);
Example:
INSERT INTO Basset
VALUES (1,'Princess Buttercup', '65');
use <database_name>
db.collection.insert({field: value})
Example:
use dogs
db.basset.insert({ _id: 1, “name” : “Princess Buttercup”, “weight” : 65})
Kim - Princess Buttercup

25. Find a Record SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
select * from <table_name> where <query>;
Example:
USE Dogs;
SELECT * FROM Basset
WHERE Name=’Princess Buttercup’;
select * from <table_name> where <query>;
Example:
SELECT * FROM Basset
WHERE Name=’Princess Buttercup’;
use <database_name>
db.collection.find(query, projection)
Example:
use Dogs
db.basset.find(“name” : “Princess Buttercup”})
Mike

26. Delete a Row SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
Delete from <tablename> where <query>;
Example:
Delete from Basset
where Dogid = 1
and name = ‘Princess Buttercup’
and Weight = 65;
Delete from <tablename> where <query>;
Example:
Delete from Basset
where Dogid = 1
and name = “Princess Buttercup”
and weight = 65;
use <database_name>
db.collection.delete({query},{multi: true/false})
Example:
use dogs
db.basset.delete({ _id: 1, “name” : “Princess Buttercup”, “weight” : 65},{multi: true})
Kim - Princess Buttercup ate someone’s lunch off their desk so poor Princess Buttercup had to go.

27. Backup and Restores

28. Backup a Database SQL Server Oracle MongoDB Native SQL Server Backup
BACKUP DATABASE { database_name }
TO <backup_device> [ ,...n ]
[ <MIRROR TO clause> ] [ next-mirror-to ]
[ WITH { DIFFERENTIAL | <general_WITH_options> [ ,...n ] } ]
[;]
Example:
BACKUP DATABASE [Dogs]
TO DISK = N'C:\Backups\Full_Dogs.bak'
RMAN
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE;
Ops Manager Backup
Cloud Manager Backup
Mike
Note that Mongo backups are GUI driven

29. Restore Database SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
RESTORE DATABASE { database_name }
[ FROM <backup_device> [ ,...n ] ]
[;]
Example:
RESTORE DATABASE [Dogs] FROM DISK = N'C:\Backups\Full_Dogs.bak'
RMAN> STARTUP NOMOUNT; RMAN> RESTORE CONTROLFILE; RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE; RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE; RMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
Full -> Incremental -> OpLog
*need each incremental taken between the time of the full and the PIT of restore. Then logs are applied.
Kim
cumulative incrementals
Provide restore examples
N’ denotes subsequent string is unicode

30. Cleanup

31. Drop a Table SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
drop table <table_name> <options>;
Example:
USE Dogs;
DROP TABLE Basset;
drop table <table_name> <options>;
Example:
DROP TABLE Basset;
use <database_name>
db.collection.drop()
Example:
use dogs
db.basset.drop()
Mike

32. Drop a Database SQL Server Oracle MongoDB
drop database <DBname> <options>;
Example:
USE Master;
DROP DATABASE Dogs;
drop database <DBname> <options>;
Example:
Drop database Dogs;
db.<DB Name>.drop()
Example:
use admin
db.dogs.drop()
Kim - our adventures in dog ownership have come to an end and so we no longer need a database.

33. High Availability / Disaster Recovery

34. Common HA/DR Options SQL Server Oracle MongoDB Cluster:
SQL Server Failover Clustering
DR/Replication:
Always on
SQL Replication
Transactional
Merge
Snapshot
Log Shipping
Cluster:
RAC
DR/Replication:
Dataguard
Golden Gate
Cluster:
Sharding
DR:
Replica Sets
Mike
SQL Server Failover Clustering Installed on

35. Sql Server Availability Group
Kim
Windows Server Failover Cluster

36. Oracle Data Guard
Kim

37. MongoDB Replica Set
Mike

38. MongoDB Sharding
Mike

39. Storage Management
Kim

40. How does each Database handle storage
SQL Server
Oracle
MongoDB
Datafiles
Example:
USE [master];
ALTER DATABASE [Dogs] ADD FILE ( NAME = N'Dogs', FILENAME = N'C:\DATA\Dogs_02.ndf' , SIZE = 8192KB , FILEGROWTH = 65536KB ) TO FILEGROUP [PRIMARY];
ASM
Datafiles
alter tablespace basset add datafile ‘+ASM/dogs/datafiles/basset_data_02.dbf’ SIZE 1G autoextend until 32G;
Storage Engines
MMAPV1 (Memory Mapped Files, 32 MB, 64MB, 128MB….up to 2 GB)
Wired Tiger - each collection has its own data files, as does each index. Data can grow up to the max size of the file system.
Kim - SQL
Mike Oracle and Mongo

41. Increasing Existing Datafile Size
SQL Server
Oracle
MongoDB
Datafiles
Example:
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE Dogs MODIFY FILE ( NAME = N'Dogs', SIZE = KB );
Datafiles
Example:
ALTER DATABASE datafile ‘+ASM/dogs/datafiles/basset_data_02.dbf’ RESIZE 100M;
N/A
Mike

42. Troubleshooting SQL Server Oracle MongoDB Error Log SQL Agent Log
Dynamic Management Views
Performance Dashboard
SP_WHO2
Activity Monitor
Extended Events
Profiler
Perfmon
Alert Log
Listener Log
Oracle Enterprise Manager
Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
Automated Workload Repository(AWR)
Active Session History (ASH)
Error Log/Profiler
Ops Manager/Cloud Manager
MongoDB Compass
mtools
mongostat
mongotop
Kim
DMVs return server state information that can be used to monitor the health of a server instance, diagnose problems, and tune performance
Add ASH for Oracle
ORACHK
Spell out the Acronyms
Add perfmon

43. Ways to connect with the User Community
SQL Server
Oracle
MongoDB
PASS
SQL Saturday
PASS Summit
Microsoft Ignite
SQLIntersection
GroupBy
Local Group: PASS Pittsburgh Chapter
IOUG
Collaborate
Oracle Open World
Local Group: PittOUG
MongoDB Sponsored Groups:
MongoDB World
Percona Database Conference
Local Group: Pittsburgh MUG
Kim

44. Summary
Today we showed the similarities and differences of several operations within SQL Server, Oracle, and Mongo. The syntax may sometimes be different, however, the database concepts tend to remain the same. We hope this helps DBA’s who need to support multiple database platforms start to get a handle on the differences and similarities between SQL Server, Oracle, and MongoDB.
Mike

45. Questions?

46. Thank You!