1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Human Diseases

2. Disease, Disorder, and Syndrome
Key Terms
Disease - abnormal symptoms
Homeostasis - state of normalcy
Disorder - abnormality of function
Syndrome - symptoms caused by a specific disease

3. Pathology Pathology - study of disease
Pathologist - one who studies disease
Pathogens - microorganisms or agents that cause disease
Pathologic - caused by disease process

4. Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis - description of how a particular disease progresses
Pathogenesis:
Acute: short term with sudden onset
Chronic: long term or slow healing process

5. Etiology Cause of disease Idiopathic - cause is unknown
Iatrogenic - problem related to treatment
Nosocomial - disease acquired from hospital environment

6. Predisposing Factors
Age
Sex
Environment
Lifestyle
Heredity

7. Diagnosis Diagnosis - identification or naming a disease Diagnosis:
Medical history
Physical examination
Diagnostic tests

8. Diagnosis Symptoms - problems a patient reports
Signs - what physician sees or measures
Skills utilized by physician:
Auscultation
Palpation
Percussion

9. Prognosis Prognosis - expected outcome
Acute disease - sudden onset with short duration
Chronic - insidious and long lasting
Remission - disappearance of symptoms
Exacerbation – flare-up of symptoms

10. Prognosis Complication - onset of second disease or disorder
Mortality - mortal or destined to die
Fatal/lethal - deadly

11. Treatment Holistic Medicine
Considers whole person rather than just physical symptoms
Interaction between spiritual, cognitive, social, physical, and emotional
Areas work interdependently

12. Treatment Treatment Interventions Medications Surgery Exercise
Nutritional
Physical therapy
Education