1. Fungi- Chapter 14

4. Fungi Eukaryotic Unicellular and multicellular
Most are composed of hyphae (fungal filaments)
Nuclei occur in continuous mycelium
Heterotrophic absorbers
Cell wall present and predominantly made of chitin
Reproduction is asexual and sexual
Life cycles are variable
Numbers- ~100,000 species described
Habitat- ubiquitous, but primarily terrestrial
Size- microscopic and macroscopic
Storage product- glycogen

5. Phylum Cryptomycota Unikonts Lack chitin ~1000 species
Habitat- Soil, freshwater, and marine
Example- Rozella.

6. Phylum Chytridiomycota
Aseptate.
~800 species
Habitat
Soil from desert, ditches, and banks of ponds and streams, rumen of large mammals
Motile zoospores and gametes with a single whiplash flagellum
Example- Allomyces
Sexual reproduction involves the formation of a sporophyte
Asexual by zoospores

8. Phylum Microsporidia Spore forming unicellular animal parasites
~1500 species
Lack mitochondria, golgi, and peroxisomes
Reproduce by forming spores that shoot polar tubes into host cells
Example-
Microsporidium

9. Phylum Glomeromycota Arbuscular endomycorrhizae 200 species so far
Occur in about 80% of vascular plants
Aseptate, coenocytic
Asexual, large multinucleate spores
Example- Glomus

10. Phylum Zygomycota Aseptate ~1000 species Habitat Nonmotile.
Plant and animal tissue in soil, some are parasitic on plants, insects, and small soil animals
Nonmotile.
Example- Rhizopus stolonifer (common bread mold)
Sexual reproduction involves the formation of a zygosporangium
Asexual by nonmotile spores

13. Phylum Ascomycota Septate ~32,000 species Habitat Nonmotile
Leaves, wood, plant fruit.
Nonmotile
Examples- Neurospora (powdery mildew), Morchella (morel), Saccharomyces (yeast)
Sexual reproduction involves the formation of asci on an ascocarp
Asexual by budding, conidiospores, fragmentation

14. Phylum Basidiomycota Septate ~22,000 species Habitat Nonmotile
Plant litter
Nonmotile
Examples- Agaricus (mushroom), Puccinia (rusts), Ustilago (smuts)
Sexual reproduction involves the formation of basidia on an basidiocarp
Asexual by budding, conidiospores, fragmentation

16. Lichens Mycobiont and phycobiont
Mycobiont= part Ascomycota & Basidiomycota
~13,000 species
Habitat
From the desert to the poles
Nonmotile
Examples- Caloplaca (crustose), Parmelia (foliose), Usnea (fruticose)
Reproduction is by fragmentation