1. No Warm-up
We’ll start with the name game then some brief notes today.

2. Race, class, gender, and short stories
Chapter 26

3. Identify the successes of reform at resolving the problems of race, class, and gender
Women, despite participation in the revolutions, gained little ground during the 19th century.
They continued as wives and mothers under the authority of men; they could not vote or hold office.
Lower-class women had more economic and personal freedom but otherwise shared in subordination.
Public education became more open to women to prepare them for more enlightened roles in the home.
Most of the new nations legally ended the society of castes in which status depended on color and ethnicity; in reality
very little changed for natives and former slaves
Control of land, politics, and the economy was dominated by a small, white, Creole elite that displayed rigid social structures.

4. Generalize the ways that the United States entered the political and economic affairs of Latin America.
The Spanish-American War of 1898 brought the United States directly into Latin American affairs.
American investment in Cuba predated the war, and following it there was direct involvement in the Caribbean.
Cuba became an American economic dependent,
Puerto Rico was annexed.
When Colombia was reluctant to meet American proposals for building the Panama Canal, the United States backed a revolution in Panama and gained exclusive rights over the canal
Latin Americans, as a consequence, became very suspicious of the expansionist United States.

5. With independence, most nations had republican governments;
Describe the degree to which Latin American states were successful in shaking off their colonial past.
With independence, most nations had republican governments;
liberal constitutions extended the vote
Their economies no longer were under European dictation.
Slavery, the base of exploitative labor, ended by 1888
The colonial heritage of a society based on castes of color and race was more difficult to overcome
Indians continued to be oppressed and remained at the bottom of the social structure
Even liberal land reforms and redistribution plans discriminated against Indians and mestizos.
There were frequent rebellions of peasants and Indians against governments dominated by Creole aristocracies.

6. Short Stories 1.
_____________ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.