1. SS6G9 The student will discuss environmental issues in Europe.
a. Explain the major concerns of Europeans regarding the issues such as acid rain in Germany, air pollution in the United Kingdom, and the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl, Ukraine.
6th Grade Social Studies

2. Student will be able to:
Explain the impact of acid rain, air pollution and the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster on the economies and population of Europe.

3. EQ: How has Europe dealt with the major environmental issues of acid rain, air pollution, and nuclear disaster?

4. Causes Effects Event (Important Facts)
Name: ____________________ Date: _________ Period: ______ TOC# ______
Causes
Effects
Event
(Important Facts)
Solutions?

5. (Important Information)
Acid Rain
________smoke or ________ exhaust containing _______ dioxide and ________ oxides go up into the atmosphere and come back down to earth in the form of harmful precipitation (_____, ____, etc.) ______ deposits also fall from the ____ when there is no precipitation.
_______ deposits from _____ rain are _______through the air causing _____ rain in other _______ in ______
Kills ________
Pollutes _______
Other _______
____________
_____________
Car __________
Kills _________ and other plants.
Destroys ________ and monuments.
Name: ____________________ Date: _________ Period: ______ TOC# ______
Causes
Effects
Event
(Important Information)
Solutions?
________ laws
Germans using ______________

6. Acid Rain: Caused by these…

7. Acid Rain: Results in this…

8. Important Info: Acid Rain in Germany
What causes acid rain?
Acid rain occurs when factories’ smoke or vehicles’ exhaust containing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides go up into the atmosphere and come back down to earth in the form of harmful precipitation (rain, snow, etc.)
Dry deposits also fall from the sky when there is no precipitation.

10. Event: Acid Rain in Germany
Causes:
car emissions
factories,
other air pollution
Effects:
kills animals and pollutes water
Kills forests, other plants, destroys buildings and monuments.
Sulfur deposits from acid rain are carried through the air causing acid rain in other countries in Europe.

11. Germans afraid of this…

12. …becoming this…

13. Example: Germany
Until 1980’s, people did not believe that acid rain was a problem
When people saw that forests were dying, they started to worry (Germans love their forests)
Almost half of trees in forest were damaged
Pollution in Germany was actually causing acid rain in other countries
Then Germans and others in Europe began pushing for emissions laws (how much pollution can be let out in the air)
Now Europe has very strong laws about this: very little pollution allowed
Germans are using hydroelectricity to reduce acid rain.
renewable energy resource because it uses the Earth's water cycle to generate electricity. Water evaporates from the Earth's surface, forms clouds, precipitates back to earth, and flows toward the ocean.
The movement of water as it flows downstream creates kinetic energy that can be converted into electricity. A hydroelectric power plant converts this energy into electricity by forcing water, often held at a dam, through a hydraulic turbine that is connected to a generator. The water exits the turbine and is returned to a stream or riverbed below the dam.

14. Solution: Acid Rain
stronger emissions laws (how much pollution can be let out in the air)
Hydroelectricity-renewable energy resource that uses the Earth's water cycle to generate electricity

15. Hydroelectricity: Human/Environmental Interaction: Depending on our environment.
renewable energy resource because it uses the Earth's water cycle to generate electricity. Water evaporates from the Earth's surface, forms clouds, precipitates back to earth, and flows toward the ocean.
The movement of water as it flows downstream creates kinetic energy that can be converted into electricity. A hydroelectric power plant converts this energy into electricity by forcing water, often held at a dam, through a hydraulic turbine that is connected to a generator. The water exits the turbine and is returned to a stream or riverbed below the dam.

16. Journal Writing#1: Use TMAP
Acid Rain in Germany
1 paragraph
Where does it occur in Europe?
What are the causes?
What are the effects?
What is being done to solve the problem?
Be ready to STAND AND DELIVER!
Pay attention to: Grammar, Punctuation, Sentence structure!
Less than 5 complete sentences: 70%
5-7 Complete sentences: 85%
7 or more Complete sentences: 100%

17. Causes Effects Event (Important Facts)
Name: ____________________ Date: _________ Period: ______ TOC# ______
Causes
Effects
Event
(Important Facts)
Solutions?

18. (Important Information)
Air Pollution
Related to ______ rain. ______ into the air and returns as ______ rain. _____ pollution is carried from the U.K. to other countries by _______ ________.
U.K. has very bad _____ pollution. It ________ other _________ causing _____ rain and _____ air. Includes _______, _________, and ________.
Hurts _______ (asthma, other __________, many _______).
Hurts _______
Vehicle _________
Power Stations (_________)
Hurts ___________
Name: ____________________ Date: _________ Period: ______ TOC# ______
Causes
Effects
Event
(Important Information)
Solutions?
Air ______ monitoring ________. ________ Union pressuring them to improve this.

19. Example: United Kingdom (write this one down)
The UK has very bad air pollution
It affects other countries, causing acid rain and bad air

20. Event: Air Pollution in the United Kingdom
Similar in many ways to acid rain, because polluted air usually leads to acid rain… Includes smoke, dust, and smog
Causes:
power stations (industry)
power stations (power industries)
vehicle emissions.
Effects:
hurts plants
Hurts atmosphere
humans (asthma, other sicknesses, many deaths)

21. Air Pollution in the U.K. Air pollution is carried from the U.K. to
How are acid rain and air pollution related?
Air pollution rises into the air and returns as acid rain in the form of precipitation or a “dry fall”.
Air pollution is carried from the U.K. to
other countries by air currents resulting
in acid rain in those countries as well.

22. Monitoring air quality
Solutions
Monitoring air quality
Air quality monitoring station
European Union is pressuring them to improve this
One major goal of the EU is to improve the environment and protect the earth

23. Journal Writing#2: Use TMAP
Air Pollution
1 paragraph
Where does it occur in Europe?
What are the causes?
What are the effects?
What is being done to solve the problem?
Be ready to STAND AND DELIVER!
Pay attention to: Grammar, Punctuation, Sentence structure!
Less than 5 Complete sentences: 70%
5-7 Complete sentences: 85%
7 or more Complete sentences: 100%

24. Causes Effects Event (Important Facts)
Name: ____________________ Date: _________ Period: ______ TOC# ______
Causes
Effects
Event
(Important Facts)
Solutions?

25. Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster (Important Information)
______ Nuclear accident
Estimates: up to _______ will die from ________ radiation.
_________ had to be resettled. Radiation spread throughout other countries by air currents.
_________ issues- high rates of _______, birth defects, ________
Land ___________ and contamination (Europe farmers)
________ with poorly trained workers.
_________ reactor design
___________ government was not careful
Economic impact on East and North
Name: ____________________ Date: _________ Period: ______ TOC# ______
Causes
Effects
Event
(Important Information)
Solutions?

26. Event: Important Information: Chernobyl (Ukraine)
April 26, 1986 Nuclear accident
Estimates: up to 5,000 will die due to cancer from radiation
336,000 had to be resettled
Most areas now considered safe

27. Chernobyl

28. Chernobyl after the disaster…

29. Whole cities had to be abandoned due to radiation…

30. Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster April 26, 1986
Event: Important Information: Chernobyl (Ukraine)
Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster April 26, 1986
spread to surrounding countries by air currents.
still effects people and land TODAY.
worst in history.

31. Chernobyl Disaster, cont.
Event: Important Information: Chernobyl (Ukraine)
Chernobyl Disaster, cont.
Most deaths were attributed to nuclear fallout which was more than 400 times more than the amount of nuclear fallout caused by the bomb over Hiroshima.
Evacuation and resettlement of over 360,000 people.
The Soviet Union tried to cover up the critical nature of the accident. Firefighters did not know that the fire they were fighting contained deadly amounts of radiation poison. Most of these men died within 3 months after the accident.

32. Chernobyl Disaster, cont.
Event: Important Information: Chernobyl (Ukraine)
Chernobyl Disaster, cont.
The residents of the city of Pripyat, where the reactor was located, were told that the evacuation would only be temporary. To this day there are still personal belongings in homes in the city.
Radioactive fallout experienced as “pieces” on peoples clothes all over Europe.
By December, 1986, a huge concrete dome had been constructed to entomb the reactor.

33. Event: Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster in Ukraine
Cause:
communist government was not careful
defective reactor design that was operated with poorly trained workers. 
Effect: Nuclear accident at Chernobyl
Land evacuation and contamination (Europe farmers, )
Economic impact on East and North
Heath issues- high rates of cancer, birth defects, death

34. Solutions: Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster in Ukraine
Buried the reactor
25 years later:

35. Journal Writing#3: Use TMAP Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster in Ukraine
1 paragraph
Where does it occur in Europe?
What are the causes?
What are the effects?
What is being done to solve the problem?
Be ready to STAND AND DELIVER!
Pay attention to: Grammar, Punctuation, Sentence structure!
Less than 5 Complete sentences: 70%
5-7 Complete sentences: 85%
7 or more Complete sentences: 100%

36. General Map of Chernobyl Fallout Throughout Europe

37. All of these “fixes” cost money!!
EQ: How do these major environmental issues effect the economies and population of Europe TODAY?
Acid Rain
Damage to fish stocks and forests have great economic impact to local economy and international trade.
Damage to buildings resulting in money having to be spent to renovate.
Closure of many factories resulting in loss wages.
What can be done?
European Union members have agreed to the Kyoto Protocol, or reduce emissions of greenhouse gasses
Find alternative energy sources
Conserve resources
All of these “fixes” cost money!!

38. EQ: How do these major environmental issues effect the economies and population of Europe TODAY?
Air Pollution
Respiratory disease= greater healthcare costs.
Contribution to acid rain in the U.K .and other European countries.
Damage to fish stocks and forests have great economic impact to local economy and international trade.
Damage to buildings resulting in money having to be spent to renovate.
Closure of many factories resulting in loss wages.
Money has to be spent on improving public transportation to reduce number of vehicles on road therefore reducing emissions.

39. What can be done about air pollution?
EQ: How do these major environmental issues effect the economies and population of Europe TODAY?
What can be done about air pollution?
Use of cleaner fuels, emission controls and advanced engine technologies.

40. EQ: How do these major environmental issues effect the economies and population of Europe TODAY?
Chernobyl
People don’t really know how much damage was done.
Agriculture in other parts of Europe suffered.
Affected land useless in the Soviet Union.
Payments to victims
Loss of jobs due to closed reactors
High medical costs.

41. 1. One of the main problems affecting the United Kingdom is…
Acid Rain
Air pollution
Nuclear disasters
2. One of the major problems facing Germany is…
Air Pollution

42. 4. Why were other countries concerned about the Chernobyl disaster?
3. One of the affects of Acid rain is…
Sulfur deposits from acid rain are carried through the air causing acid rain in other countries in Europe
wear away the waxy protective coating of leaves, damaging them and preventing them from being able to photosynthesize properly.
All of the above
D. None of the above
4. Why were other countries concerned about the Chernobyl disaster?
Chernobyl was providing power to the entire world.
Radioactive material from the plant fell on Europe.
None of the above

43. 2. One of the major problems facing Germany is…
3. One of the affects of Acid rain is…
Sulfur deposits from acid rain are carried through the air causing acid rain in other countries in Europe
wear away the waxy protective coating of leaves, damaging them and preventing them from being able to photosynthesize properly.
All of the above
D. None of the above
4. Why were other countries concerned about the Chernobyl disaster?
Chernobyl was providing power to the entire world.
Radioactive material from the plant fell on Europe.
None of the above
1. One of the main problems affecting the United Kingdom is…
Acid Rain
Air pollution
Nuclear disasters
2. One of the major problems facing Germany is…
Air Pollution