1. CIVIL RIGHTS
in the
20th CENTURY

3. In 1909 W.E.B. DuBois founded the…

4. A. Philip Randolph is known as
“Father of the Civil Rights Movement”
At his urging, FDR, signs Executive Order 8802 which prohibited racial discrimination in the national defense industry.

5. In 1947, Jackie Robinson breaks the
color barrier in major league baseball.

6. In 1948, President Truman ended
segregation in the US Military.

7. In 1954, the Supreme Court decided
the case of Brown v. Board of Education
of Topeka, Kansas.
This landmark Supreme Court decision
outlawed segregation in American public schools.

8. The
Brown
family.

9. Brown’s NAACP’s Lawyer was
Thurgood Marshall who would eventually
Become the 1st African-American on the
US Supreme Court.

10. The Brown decision: De Jure segregation is segregation by law and
Overturned Plessey v. Ferguson –1896 which
the court ruled violated the 14th Amendment
Equal Protection Clause.
* Outlawed the “Separate but, Equal” doctrine.
* Ruled that segregation is inherently unfair.
The Supreme Court ordered US public school to
desegregate, “with all deliberate speed.”
De Jure segregation is segregation by law and
illegal in America. De Facto Segregation
is segregation by fact and not illegal.

11. 1955
Rosa Parks
The Montgomery Bus Boycott

12. In 1955, Rosa Parks is arrested
for sitting in the front of a bus in
Montgomery, Alabama.

13. organizes the Montgomery Bus Boycott Martin Luther King Jr.
and stresses Non-violent Civil
Disobedience.

14. In 1957,A crisis occurred at Central High
in Little Rock, Arkansas.

15. Nine black children nicknamed the
“Little Rock Nine”
attempted to enroll at all-white Central High.

16. At first, Arkansas Gov. Orval Faubus called out the National Guard
At first, Arkansas Gov. Orval Faubus called out the National Guard to stop the students from entering Central High.

20. Three weeks later,
President Eisenhower
orders the US Army
to escort the “Little Rock
Nine” into Central
High.

21. Chief Justice Earl Warren
President Eisenhower
Chief Justice Earl Warren
“I don’t believe
you can change the hearts
of men with laws and decisions.”
The “Warren Court”
with the Brown decision
begins a sixteen year legacy
of civil rights protections.
On his nomination of
Earl Warren, to the Supreme Court,
“My biggest mistake.”

22. In 1960, desegregate southern restaurants.
college students started a series of “Sit-ins” to
desegregate southern restaurants.

25. “I have a Dream” speech outlining
In 1963, at the conclusion of a
“March on Washington”
Martin Luther King gave his famous,
“I have a Dream” speech outlining
his hopes for the equality of all Americans.

26. In 1964,
the Civil Rights Act is passed.

27. It outlawed segregation in public places
based on race, color, religion
or national origin.

28. In 1965,
the Voting Rights Act was passed.

29. It outlawed literacy tests and poll taxes.
Federal officials were allowed
to oversee elections in southern states.

30. Malcolm X
The Black Power Movement

31. Malcolm X joins the Nation of Islam or Black Muslim Movement
More
militant than
MLK Jr., he
preached
separation
from whites
and not
integration.
Malcolm X
also did not
reject violence
if used in self-
defense
as a option in
dealing with
race problems.

32. After breaking away from the Nation of Islam,
Malcolm X is assassinated by its loyal followers in
1965.

33. In August 1965, the Watts Riots
broke out in Los Angeles.

34. After six Days of violence
4,000 arrested and
$40 Million in property
damage.
34 people were killed
1,072 injured

35. The Black Panther Party was
founded in Oakland, California in 1966.

36. The
Black
Panthers
sought
to end
police
harassment
and white
economic
domination
by…
assuming
neighborhood
control of their
police, schools
and business.
The Panthers
also supported
the use of
weapons for
self-defense
and retaliation.

37. On April 4 1968, Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in
Memphis, Tenn.

38. The funeral of Martin Luther King Jr.

39. Kings assassin,
James Earl Ray…
dies in prison in 1999,
claiming his
innocence.

40. Hispanic Civil Rights
Cesar Chavez

41. IN 1942, The Bracero Program was begun to
assist in the harvesting of crops during
WWII. Mexican farm workers were given
temporary work permits to live and work
in the US.

42. Called Migrant Farm Workers Harsh living Conditions No medical No
Undocumented
Aliens
Harsh living
Conditions
No medical
benefits No
Minimum
wage
Afraid of
“La Migra”

43. 1962 – Cesar Chavez & Delores Huerta
created the United Farm Workers
Union.

44. In 1968, the UFW organized a Lettuce Boycott.

45. In 1970, it led a Grape Boycott which resulted in the recognition of the UFW.

46. Liberation
Women’s
Movement

47. In 1960, women make up 1/3 of
the nation’s workforce.
But only 5% are managers or
administrators.
For every dollar a man made,
women were paid 63 cents.
Only 13 women served in the
House of Representatives
and none in the US Senate.
2015/16 – women are about 20%

48. Betty Friedan wrote what became the women’s Bible…
The Feminine
Mystique
The “Cult of
Domesticity”
She challenged
traditional
views of women’s
roles in society.

49. In 1966, the
National Organization
For
Women was founded.

50. 1970-
Congress proposes the
EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT.
By 1973, thirty states approved
the amendment, but the push for
ratification stalled and the amendment
was never made law.
1972-Title Nine – Congress passes a law
guaranteeing women equal access to
all areas of education.

51. 1973- Roe v. Wade - The
Supreme Court legalizes
abortion during the first
trimester of pregnancy.

52. Gay
Civil Rights

53. 2015 – US Supreme court rules that gay marriage is legal in all states