1. Chemical Compounds And Bonds

2. Chemical Compounds
Substances formed by the combination of two or more elements
Represented by chemical formulas
H2O = 2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen atoms
NaCl = 1 Sodium and 1 Chlorine atom
Lower case letter means it is part of the same element

3. Chemical Compounds
Compounds are usually very different from the elements they are made from
H2O 
Hydrogen and Oxygen are gases and are explosive
Water is a liquid and NOT explosive
NaCl 
Na is a metal and reactive
Cl is a poisonous gas (Used in WWI)
Salt is essential for living
organisms

4. Chemical Bonds
Bonding depends on electrons (e-) in the outer most energy level
Called valence electrons
They are available, not covered by other electrons

5. Chemical Bonds Ionic Bonds
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Atoms gain or lose electrons
Forms ions (“i” n“o”t “n”eutral)
Lose  + charge
Gain  - charge
Example: NaCl

6. Chemical Bonds Covalent Bonds
The sharing of one or more electrons between two atoms
Compounds with covalent bonds are called molecules
Ionic/Covalent Bonds

7. Chemical Bonds Intermolecular Forces
The attraction of compounds to each other
Ionic
Forms crystals or cubes
Positive/Negative Attraction

8. Chemical Bonds Intermolecular Forces
The attraction of compounds to each other
Covalent
Van der Waals forces
Slight attraction of molecules that are close together that hold them together
Hydrogen Bonds (not an actual bond)
Stronger form of van der Waals forces
Attraction between hydrogen (+) and either fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen (-)