1. Tires

2. Tires Perform two basic functions: Act as a soft Cushion between
the road and the metal wheel.
Provide adequate traction (friction)
with the road surface.

3. Tires
Parts
Beads two rings that are made of steel wire and encased in rubber.
They hold tire side walls snugly against the rim.
Body Plies rubberized fabric and cords wrapped around beads.
Form carcass or body of the tire.
Tread outer surface of the tire that contacts the road.

4. Tires Parts Sidewall outer part of the tire that extends from
the bead to the tread. Marking on the sidewall
provides the information about the tire.
Liner thin layer of rubber that is bonded to
the inside of the plies. It provides a leak proof
membrane for tubeless tires.
Belts used to strengthen the body plies and
and stiffen the tread. They lay between the
tread and plies.

5. Tires

6. Tire Construction Bias Ply Tires The plies run at an angle from
bead to bead.
One of the oldest design.
Does not use any belts.
Allows body of the tire to flex easily.
Improved cushioning, hence smooth ride on rough roads.
Weakness of Bias-plies is that it reduces traction at high
speeds and increase rolling resistance.

7. Tire Construction Belted Bias Tire Bias ply tires with belts added to
increase tread stiffness.
Belts and plies run at different angles.
Belts do not run around the sidewalls,
they lay under the tread area only.
Provides smooth ride and good traction.
Offers some reduction in rolling resistance over a bias ply tire.

8. Tire Construction Radial Ply Tire Plies running straight across from
bead to bead, with stabilizer belts
directly beneath the tread.
Has a very flexible sidewall and a
stiff tread, giving it a very stable footprint.
Disadvantage is that it may produce a
harder, or harsher, ride at low speeds.

9. Tire Construction

10. Tire Markings

11. Department Of Transportation (D.O.T.) Tire Identification Number
The U.S. Department of Transportation requires that every Tire Manufacturer provided a standardized identification of the manufacturer's plant code, the tire size, brand and the week and year the tire was made. This information can be found on one sidewall of the tire. The other sidewall of the tire will have the initials DOT and the manufacturer's plant code.

13. Tires M — 81 N — 87 P — 93 Q — 100 R — 106 S — 112 T — 118 H — 130
Load Index
Pounds
Kilograms 71
761
345 91
1356
615 72
783
355 92
1389
630 73
805
365 93
1433
650 74
827
375 94
1477
670 75
853
387 95
1521
690 76
882
400 96
1565
710 77
908
412 97
1609
730 78
937
425 98
1653
750 79
963
437 99
1709
775 80
992
450
100
1764
800 81
1019
462
101
1819
825 82
1047
475
102
1874
850 83
1074
487
103
1929
875
Speed Rating
M — 81
N — 87
P — 93
Q — 100
R — 106
S — 112
T — 118
H — 130
V — 149
W — 168
Y — 186

14. Tires Expiry Date Tires have a shelf life of six years
They are known to explode (tread comes apart)

15. Tires

16. Tires problems

17. Tires problems

18. Tires problems Feathering Cupping One Edge Improper alignment (TOE).
Worn or damaged steering or
suspension parts.
Hard cornering.
Cupping
Worn or damaged steering or
suspension parts.
Improper balancing.
One Edge
Improper alignment (CAMBER).
Worn or damaged steering or
suspension parts.

19. Tire Rotation

20. Tires
Tread Wear Markings

21. Tires
CREDITS
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