1. The Bureaucracy Chapter 15
Government at Work
The Bureaucracy
Chapter 15

2. The Federal Bureaucracy
The federal bureaucracy, part of the executive branch, carries out most of the day – to – day work of the Federal Government.

3. What is a Bureaucracy?
It is a large, complex structure that handles the everyday business of an organization.America: Ruled By Regulations
Federal Bureaucracy – all the agencies, people, and procedures through which the Federal Government operates.Basics

4. Three Guiding Principles
A bureaucracy has a hierarchical structure – a few top officials and units have authority over a large group of managers.IRS Spends $60,000
Each bureaucrat, or person who works for the organization, has a specific job.
A bureaucracy operates under a set of formalized rules.

5. The Federal Bureaucracy
Like a pyramid, there are more people at the bottom
than at the top.
Loyalty
down
President
Executive Office
Of the President
Cabinet Departments
Begets loyalty up
Independent Agencies
Agency/Administration
Commission
Authority/Corporation

6. The Executive Office of the President
The Executive Office of the President includes both advisors and agencies that work closely with the President.

7. Executive Office of the President (EOP)
The EOP is a complex organization of agencies staffed by the President’s closest advisors and assistants.
The White House is the “nerve center” of the EOP.
The President’s chief of staff directs the White House operations. Cheif of Staff

8. The Structure of the Executive Office of President
EOP
Council of Economic Advisors
Office of National
Drug Control Policy
White House
Office
National Security
Council
Office of Management
and Budget

9. The Executive Departments
There are 15 executive or cabinet departments.
Each department head is called a secretary, except for the Department of Justice, who is the attorney general.

10. The Executive Departments
Department of
State
Department of
Veterans Affairs
Department of
Education
Department of
The Treasury
Department of
Energy
The Executive Departments
Department of
Defense
Department of
Transportation
Department of
Homeland Security
Department
Of Housing and
Urban Development
Department of
Justice
Department of
Health and
Human Services
Department of
the Interior
Department Of
Agriculture
Department of
Labor
Department Of
Commerce

11. The Executive Departments

12. Independent Agencies
Independent agencies operate outside the executive departments because they do not fit the structure (see previous slide) or they need political protection.

13. Three types of Independent Agencies
Independent Executive
Agencies
Independent Regulatory
Commissions
Government Corporations
Organize like executive departments
Regulate parts of the economy
Carry out business – like activities
Do not have Cabinet status
Are quasi – legislative and quasi - judicial
NASA, NTSB, EPA, Civil Rights Commission, Peace Corps
Exist outside of presidential control SEC, FTC, NRC,
FDIC, US Postal Service, TVA

14. The Civil Service
Most of the people who work for the Federal government are members of the civil service and are hired and promoted based on their job performance.
Before Civil Service Legislation
Government officials give jobs and favors to friends and supporters, creating an inefficient and corrupt system of government.
After Civil service Legislation
Government workers are hired based on examinations, and promotions are given based on merit. The competitive nature of this system allows for higher quality work.

15. What does all of this mean?
“ Government has become so big and so complex that the citizens it represents no longer understand its purpose nor they do they feel represented by it”
What would popular sovereignty say about the above quote?