1. Mutations And Genetic Disorders

2. Mutations
Happens when a DNA gene is damaged or changed so that the message that is carried by the gene is not the same
Mutagen- something that can cause the change in the DNA

3. Mutagens Chemical exposure- can cause a base pair to mismatch
Radiation- can cause breaks in the DNA
Sunlight- Skin cancer
Spontaneous- mutations can happen without being exposed to any obvious mutagen

4. Types of Mutations
Chromosomal Mutation- where an entire chromosome is missing or added in as an extra
DNA Mutation- a section of the DNA is changed
Insertion- adding extra info
Deletion- having some left out

5. Genetic Diseases Down Syndrome- extra chromosome 21
Klinefelter Syndrome-People with a XXY karyotype are males with an extra X chromosome.
Turner Syndrome- a female with only 1 x chromosome

6. Karyotype
Some of the diseases and abnormalities associated with chromosome number and structure can be detected by a test called a karyotype.
To create a karyotype, chromosomes are isolated and then stained and photographed.

9. Your Turn Look up 2 genetic disorders using your phone
Write down how it is caused and what symptoms the genetic disorder has
You will be presenting these tomorrow