1. 4th Edition
Chapter 20
Design Teams

2. Project Management Tools
“Failure to plan is planning to fail.”
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3. Four Important Project Management Topics
Documentation
Team Work
Scheduling
Time Management
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4. Why is Group Work Emphasized?
Early 1800’s musket had 51 parts
1840’s Springfield rifle had 140 parts
Late 1800’s bicycle had > 200 parts
Automobile > 10,000 parts
Boeing 747 > 5 million parts
…one person does not have the time or expertise!
Example adapted from David Ullman’s book The Mechanical Design Process
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5. Successful Teams Ability Attitude Effort Success! Ability Problem
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6. Successful Team Attributes
Have a common goal.
Leadership.
Each member makes a unique contribution.
Effective team communication
Creative spark.
Harmonious team member relationships.
Effective planning and resource use.
From Oakes’, Leone’s, and Gunn’s book Engineering Your Future – An Introduction to Engineering
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7. Successful Team Member Attributes
Attendance.
Responsible.
Abilities.
Creative, Energetic.
Personality.
From Oakes’, Leone’s, and Gunn’s book Engineering Your Future – An Introduction to Engineering
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8. There Are Three Types of Documentation
Design Log Books
Communications w/Management
Communication of the Final Design
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9. Many Types of Information Should Be Documented
Documentation
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10. Companies usually have specific requirements
Logbooks
Companies usually have specific requirements
Logbook Requirements
Use a three-ring binder
Don’t erase errors (cross them out)
Keep track of everything
Legible to yourself and others
No loose papers
Glue or staple in supplementary info
Put your name and contact info in the cover
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11. Why Logbooks Are Used Don’t loose information Don’t reinvent the wheel
Pass information to others
Required to defend a patent
Protects you in a lawsuit
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12. What Should Be In Your Logbook?
Answer: Include everything relevant to the project.
meeting notes
calculations
sketches
ideas
etc.
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13. What Should Not Be In Your Logbook?
Do not enter your “personal” opinions about the design. For example, say “There is a 70% chance a crack will develop” instead of saying “The design is dangerous.”
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14. Your Logbook Assignment
Each team member will keep a logbook.
Always bring your logbook to class and put your class notes in it.
Logbooks are part of your final grade.
Logbooks may be checked at unannounced intervals.
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15. Design Reviews Communicate With Management
They are used to review project details.
Can be paper and/or presentation based
Consider your audience
Be prepared (good visuals and additional information)
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16. There Are Several Ways To Communicate Design Details
Computer files
Detailed Drawings
Assembly Drawings
Bill of Materials (BOM)
Etc…
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17. Engineering Drawings Dimensions with tolerances
Material specifications
Notes for special requirements
Manufacturing
Inspection
Etc…
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18. Drawings Should Have A Bill of Materials
The assembly drawing conveys how parts fit together
The Bill of Materials is the shopping list for the design
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19. Successful Projects Meet Four Goals
Within Budget
On Time
Meets Specifications
Client Acceptance
Success!
Brainstorm with the class. “What I important for project success?” Write items on board and show after items were listed.
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20. Plan Your Time Well Resource Use Project Phase
High
Low
Resource Use
Conceiving
Planning
Implementing
Completing
Project Phase
Poor planning and monitoring… not enough resources to finish on time
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21. Changes Are Harder Later
Cost To Change
Ability To Change
High
Low
Conceiving
Planning
Implementing
Completing
Project Phase
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22. Project Management Tools
Statement of Work (SOW) – Client’s description, generally provided in narrative format.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) – List of tasks to be completed.
Must have two or more subtasks.
Must have time and personnel estimate.
Must be complete… K.I.S.S.
Linear Responsibility Chart (LRC) – Who does what.
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23. Project Management Tools
Program Review and Evaluation Technique (PERT) – Graphically review task flow.
Critical Path – Sequence of tasks that control the minimal project length.
GANTT Chart – Graphical schedule.
Percent Complete Matrix – Simple method for checking progress.
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24. Example – An Engine Rebuild
WBS?
PERT?
Slack Time
Critical Path
GANTT?
PCM?
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25. Gantt Chart For An Engine Rebuild
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26. Schedule & Prioritize Schedule using daily and longer term calendars.
Prioritize your daily plan.
Create a prioritized TO-DO list
A=Vital
B=Important
C=Optional
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27. Example ABC Prioritized Daily Task List Complete math hw
Completed Deleted InProgress
Example
ABC
Prioritized Daily Task List
Complete math hw
Attempt chemistry hw
Buy stamps
Plan day
Pickup Cliff Notes
Review Psychology A2 A3 B1 A1 C1 B2
Adapted from FranklinCovey
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28. Summary: What You Should Do
Use a planner (either electronic or paper)
Daily prioritized task list required. Use the A1, A2, B1, etc. prioritizing notation.
Calendar scheduling required (ex. Write in your exam dates and project due dates)
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