1. Chapter 9: Community Pharmacy

2. Objectives After reading this chapter, you will be able to:
Understand the importance of a patient profile.
Review a patient profile form for complete and accurate information.
Understand the types of problems that missing or inaccurate patient information can cause in the pharmacy.
Identify strategies to resolve problems arising from incomplete patient profile forms.
Evaluate unprocessed prescriptions for completeness and accuracy.

3. Objectives, continued
Understand the additional checking steps needed when reviewing controlled-substance prescriptions.
Compare a processed prescription to the printed label for completeness and accuracy.
Identify practices to correct errors on printed labels generated from the processed prescription.
Differentiate between antidepressant, antipsychotic, and anti-anxiety drugs.
Discuss the different classes of antidepressant drugs, their uses, and their side effects.

4. Objectives, continued
Discuss how lithium and other drugs are used in treating bipolar disorders.
Discuss the drugs that prevent the side effects caused by antipsychotics drugs.
Explain the definition and symptoms of anxiety, as well as the drugs used to treat anxiety.
Recognize the course and treatment of panic disorders, insomnia, and alcoholism.

5. Chapter Overview
Community pharmacy practice is an evolving practice area with pharmacists and pharmacy technicians taking on more involved roles in medication management and patient care.

6. Ability to accurately complete a patient profile for a new patient
Chapter Overview
Skills every pharmacy technician must master:
Ability to compare a processed prescription label with the original prescription
Ability to evaluate unprocessed prescriptions for completeness and accuracy
Ability to accurately complete a patient profile for a new patient

7. The Patient Profile The patient profile should include:
Patient preferences
Patient's full name
Birth date
Insurance information
Adverse drug reactions
Prescriber
Special patient needs
Patient's address
Gender
Allergies
Previously filled prescriptions
OTC meds being taken
address
Telephone number
Herbal remedies being taken
Emergency contact
Medical diagnoses

8. Maintain an Accurate Patient Profile
Maintaining an accurate and up-to-date patient profile helps protect against:
Dangerous drug side effects
Drug interactions
Drug allergies

9. The New Prescription
Prescriptions come into the community pharmacy via handwritten prescriptions, e-prescribing, and fax.
E-prescribing has the benefit of legibility.

10. Prescription Information
The information necessary on every prescription:
Prescriber's phone number
Prescriber's address
Drug name
Prescriber's DEA number (for controlled substances)
Drug strength
Drug quantity to dispense
Drug directions
Written date of the prescription
Patient's name
Patient's address
Number of refills
Patient's birthday
DAW or substitution allowed
Prescriber's name

11. Reviewing the New Prescription
Review the new prescription in this order:
Patient-Related Information
Prescriber-Related Information
Drug-Related Information

12. New Prescriptions for Controlled Substances
Categories:
Schedule II (CII) prescriptions cannot be refilled.
Schedule III, IV (CIII, and CIV) are valid for only six months from the date noted on the prescription.
V (CV) are covered by different laws in different states.
The most commonly altered items on a controlled-substance prescription are the drug strength, the drug quantity to dispense, and the directions.

13. Drug Insights
Antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anti-anxiety agents are used to treat mental-health diseases.

14. Depression Common symptoms: Lack of motivation
Decreasing interest in daily activities
Eating disorders
Sleeping disorders
Feelings of guilt
Weight changes
Inability to concentrate
Indecisiveness

15. Treatments for Depression
Psychotherapy combined with a drug-treatment pathway.
Reuptake inhibitors keep the neurotransmitter in the synapse for a longer period.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) drugs prevent the neurotransmitter from being destroyed in the synapse.

16. Antidepressant Drug Categories
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drugs
Serotonin and norephinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) drugs
Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) drugs
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) drugs

17. Common Antidepressants
Reuptake Inhibitor Drugs
Citalopram
Escitalopram
Tricyclic Drugs
Amitriptyline
Doxepin
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Drugs
Phenelzine
Selegiline

18. Drug Therapies for Other Mental Illnesses
Bipolar Disorder
Mood-stabilizing agents
Lithium
Psychosis
Antipsychotic Drug Therapy
Loxapine
Anxiety
Anti-Anxiety Drug Therapy
Diazepam
Sleep Disorders
Barbiturates and Hypnotics
Amobarbital

19. Alcoholism Treatment for alcoholism includes: Mental health counseling
Family support
Drug therapy including:
Antabuse (disulfiram)
ReVia (naltrexone)