1. Strangulation of Chronic Transdiaphragmatic Intercostal Hernia
Peiyu Kao, MD, Hsin-Yuan Fang, PhD, Ting-Yu Lu, MD, Shih-Chao Hsu, MD, Chien-Kuang Chen, MD, Pin-Ru Chen, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 97, Issue 6, Pages e155-e157 (June 2014)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
(A) Plain chest roentgenogram demonstrates intestinal air bubble in the left lower intercostal space. This is a subtle finding (white arrow). (B) Computed tomography (CT) reveals diaphragmatic defect (gray arrow) and herniation of abdominal viscera into the pleural cavity as well as intercostal herniation (black arrow).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , e155-e157DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
(A) The operative image showed the step to enlarge the diaphragmatic defect to release incarcerated bowel loop. (B) Defect in the diaphragm is seen intraoperatively (view from thorax; white arrow).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , e155-e157DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions