1. Warm Up 1. Who founded Rome?
2. What were the 2 main social groups in Rome?
3. Name the 3 branches of Government?
4. What was the Philosophy of the Republican Government?

2. Ancient Rome

3. Government Balanced government Monarchy, aristocracy, democracy
3 branches
1. Consuls
2. Senate
3. Dictator
Rome was not ruled by any single man.
Philosophy of the Republic, which was about having a balance of power.

4. Roman Republic Govnt Consuls 2 officials that acted like kings
Commanded the army
Directed the government
Term  1 year
Power was limited
Same person could not be elected again for 10 years
One consul could overturn the other

5. Roman Republic Govnt Senate 300 men from upper class
Controlled public funds
Determined foreign & domestic policy
Acted as a court
Most important of the three branches
Assemblies
Represented democratic side
Organized by plebeians & Tribal Assembly
Made laws for the common people/republic itself

6. Roman Republic Govnt Dictator
In times of crisis, a dictator would be elected
Had absolute power to make laws and to control the army
Their power only last 6 months
Chosen by the consuls & then elected by the senate

7. The Roman Army
Every adult male who owned land had to serve in the army when needed
Large military units
Legions  5,000 men (infantry)
Legionaries supported by cavalry.
Legions were divide into smaller groups
80 men (century)

8. Army Guidelines Roman army was very strict Had very harsh punishments
A person seeking to run for public office had to serve in the army for 10+ years

9.
 Roman Army Video

10. Rome Spreads Its Power
By the 4th century BCE, Rome dominated central Italy.
By 265 BCE, Rome had defeated the Etruscans to the North & the Greek city-states to the south
Controlled nearly all of Italy

11. Conquered Territory
Rome had different laws & treatment for different people.
All Latins were given full citizenship.
In further territories from Rome, the citizens enjoyed the rights of Romans expect the right to vote.

12. Conquered Territory
Most conquered groups fell into a category called Allies of Rome.
Rome promised not to interfere in their governments, as long as they provided troops, paid taxes, and had no alliance with enemies of Rome.

13. Roman Expansion
Under the leadership of ambitious generals, Rome’s highly trained soldiers took over most of the land surrounding the Mediterranean.
The ancient Romans called the Mediterranean mare nostrum, meaning “our sea”.
Was the Mediterranean Sea a major trading route?

14. Writing Activity
Choose one social class (Patricians or Plebeians), and write 8-10 sentences describing what life was like living in that social class? Ex: Was I treated fairly? Did I have a say so in government? How was Government arranged if I could serve? Could I serve in the army? Could I marry who I wanted? May have to use your iPad to research some additional information.