1. Natural products: fats and oils
Intermediate 2 Chemistry
Unit 2(e)

2. Key questions What is the difference between a fat and an oil?
What causes this difference?

3. Classifying fats and oils
According to their origin
Animal e.g. lard
Vegetable e.g. sunflower oil
Marine e.g. cod liver oil

4. Function in the human body
Provide energy
A more concentrated energy source than the same mass of carbohydrate

5. What are fats and oils? Esters Their parent alcohol is glycerol
The alkanoic acids are fatty acids

7. Glycerol

8. Fatty acids

9. Key questions
Can you give an example of a situation when fats or oils are broken down?
What type of reaction is involved?
In what ratio will the products be produced?

10. Difference between fats and oils
Fats are solid at room temperature; oils are liquids.
Fats have higher melting points than oils.

12. Structure of fats Saturated molecules Regular structure Tight packing
Stronger forces between molecules

13. Structure of oils Unsaturated molecules Irregular structure
Loose packing
Weaker forces between molecules

14. Converting oils into fats
What would need to be done to convert an oil into a fat?
C=C is removed through an addition reaction with hydrogen