1. BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu
Bridge to the
Future
ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz B. R. Badrinath UC Berkeley
S. S. 7
BMRC MIG Seminar
September 16, 1998
Cellular “Core” Network

2. Transparent Information Access
Speech-to-Text
Speech-to-Voice Attached-
Call-to-Pager/ Notification
-to-Speech
All compositions
of the above!
Universal In-box
Policy-based
Location-based
Activity-based

3. Smart Spaces
Walk into a A/V room and control everything with your own wireless PDA
Services for each device
Automated discovery and use
Automated UI generation
Composite behaviors
Phones as well as PDAs
Speech-enabled control

4. Potentially Any Network Service (PANS)
Iceberg Access Points (More than gateways)
Provide policy engine
Handle routing, security
IAP
Same service in different networks
Service handoff between networks
E.g., “follow me” service
E.g., any-to-any service
High BW IP core
Diverse access links
2-way Paging
PSTN
GSM/CDMA IP
WIP

5. ICEBERG: Internet-based core for CEllular networks BEyond the thiRd Generation
Project: June June 2001, joint with Ericsson
The Challenge
Developing service intensive, network-based, real-time applications
Securely embedding computational resources in the switching fabric
Providing an open, extensible network environment: heterogeneity
Computing
Encapsulating legacy servers and partitioning “thin” client functionality
Scalability: 100,000s of simultaneous users in the SF Bay Area
High BW IP backbones plus diverse access networks
Different coverage, bandwidth, latency, and cost characteristics
Third generation cellular systems: UMTS/IMT2000
Next generation wireless LANs: Bluetooth
Home networking: DSL / Cable modem

6. Important Trends Multimedia / Voice over IP networks
Lower cost, more flexible packet-switching core network
Simultaneous delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows (RSVP, Class-based Queuing, Link Scheduling)
Intelligence shifts to the network edges
User-implemented functionality
Programmable intelligence inside the network
Proxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructure
TACC model & Java code: “write once, run anywhere”
Rapid new service development
Speech-based services
Implications for cellular network infrastructure of the 21st century?
High BW data (384 Kb/s-2 Mb/s): Reliable Link Protocols

7. Outline Example Services Challenges and Trends Project Goals
Experimental Testbed
Project Approach and Strategy
Research Areas
Summary

8. ICEBERG Project Goals Demonstrate ease of new service deployment
Packet voice for computer-telephony integration
Speech- and location-enabled applications
Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones)
Mobility and generalized routing redirection
Demonstrate new system architecture to support innovative applications
Personal Information Management
Universal In-box: , news, fax, voice mail
Notification redirection: e.g., , pager
Home networking and control of “smart” spaces, sensor/actuator integration
Build on experience with A/V equipped rooms in Soda Hall

9. ICEBERG Project Goals
Understand the implications for cellular network design based on IP technology
Cellular / IP interworking functionality
IP network provisioning for scalability
“Soft” QoS for delay-sensitive flows
Multinetwork mobility and security support
Understand how to
Encapsulate existing applications services like speech-to-text
Deploy and manage such computationally intensive services in the network
Integrate other kinds of services, like mobility and redirection, inside the network

10. Experimental Testbed Smart Spaces Personal Information Management
IBM
WorkPad
Nino
Velo
MC-16
CF788
Motorola
Pagewriter 2000
WLAN /
Bluetooth
Pager
306 Soda
405 Soda
SimMillennium
Network
Infrastructure
H.323 GW
326 Soda “Colab”
GSM BTS
Smart Spaces
Personal Information Management
Millennium Cluster
Millennium Cluster

11. Project Approach Understanding three key research areas
Cellular / IP integration
Mobility Management
Wireless link management
Packet Scheduling in GPRS and W-CDMA
Reliable Link Protocols
Proxy- and Multicast-Enabled Services
Speech / Information dissemination
ProActive Infrastructure: NINJA
Computing resources spread among switching infrastructure
Computationally intensive services: e.g., voice-to-text
Service and server discovery
Security, authentication, and billing

12. Internet-Scale Systems Research Group
Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces”
Distributed Videoconferencing
Room-scale Collaboration
Speech and Location
Aware Applications
ICEBERG
Computer-Telephony Services
MASH Media Processing Services
TranSend Extensible
Proxy Services
Active Services Architecture
Distributed Computing Services: NINJA
Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW

13. Project Strategy Analyze Design Implement GSM Infrastructure Elements
-- Data over PBMS GSM Network
-- GSM Base Station
-- Integration with IP-infrastructure
Analyze
Existing Systems
Design
Next
Generation
Implement
New System
Prototype Elements
-- Handset/computer integration
-- Java-enabled components
--Speech-based services
ns & BONES Simulations
-- Ericsson channel error models
-- GSM-based infrastructure
-- GSM media access & link layer

14. Outline Example Services Challenges and Trends Project Goals
Experimental Testbed
Project Approach and Strategy
Research Areas
Summary

15. Cellular / IP Integration
Integrating a GSM BTS with an IP core network
Mapping IP signaling to SS7 radio management
Call admission and handoff
Mobility management interworking
Mobile IP uses home agent / foreign agent
GSM uses Home Location Register / Visiting Location Register
Handoff between Mobile IP and GSM networks
Scalability, security of Mobile IP?
Generalized redirection agents
User- or service-specified dynamic policy-based redirection
1-800 service, to pagers, etc.
Service mobility as a first class object

16. GSM BTS-IP Integration
Interactive Voice Response
Simulates BSC
and MSC functionality
Infocaster
NetMeeting
VAT PC
Control
Signaling
Internet
IP-PAD
Signaling
UPSim
BTS E1
Ethernet
Traffic
E1: 13kb/s
12kb/s
GSM Phone
H.323 GW
PSTN
Demo in 440 Soda after the talk

17. Service Mobility as a First-Class Object
Universal Names: Globally unique IDs
OfficePSTN:
FaxPSTN:
DeskIP: rover.cs.berkeley.edu:555
LaptopIP: fido.cs.berkeley.edu:555
PCS:
Home:
An Entity has a universal name and a profile; Entities are people or processes
Profile: set of
domain-specific names

18. Iceberg Inter-Domain Naming Protocol
IAP
Caller’s network,
Interactive,
CallerID certificate)
IDNP
Server
Profile
Policy
Replicated
Information:
Real-time
Lazy
Epidemic
minutes/hours
days/weeks
weeks/months
System
State
IDNP
Server

19. Wireless Link Management
Modeling GSM media access, link, routing, and transport layers
Validated ns modeling suite and BONES simulator
GSM channel error models from Ericsson
QoS and link scheduling for next generation links
High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), and Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA)
RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link scheduling
Reliable Link Protocols
Wireless links have high error rates (> 1%)
Reliable transport protocols (TCP) interpret errors as congestion
Solution is ARQ protocol, but retransmissions introduce jitter

20. RLP-TCP Collection & Analysis Tools
RLP and TCP interaction measurement / analysis
Both are reliable protocols (link and transport layers)
Trace analysis tool to determine current interaction effects
Trace collection/analysis for design of next generation networks
TCP: End-to-End Reliability
RLP: Wireless Reliability
GSM Network
BTS
BSC
MSC
TCP / RLP stats
RLP stats
TCP / RLP stats
Post-processing tool
(120 bytes/s)
Demo after talk

21. TCP and RLP Data Plot Sent 30,720 bytes from mobile host to stationary host

22. New Services Encapsulating complex data transformations
Speech-to-text, text-to-speech
Composition of services
Voice mail-to- , -to-voice mail
Location-aware information services
E.g., traffic reports
Multicast-enabled information services
Multilayered multicast: increasing level of detail as number of subscribed layers increase

23. Simulated Ninja Environment
Speech is the ubiquitous access method
Access from millions of phones (analog to digital cellular)
Simja
Server
Service Entity
Room Control
Entity
Barbara
Emre
Room
(MASH)
UDP
RMI
Gateway
Cell Phone
IP-Pad
(BTS)
RTP

24. Interactive Voice Response to A/V Devices Application
First application: Controlling A/V devices
Next application: Personal Information Mgmt (PIM)
A/V
Devices
Path
ICSI
Speech
Recognizer
Text to
Command
Room
Entity
Audio
Text
Cmd
Microphone
Cell phone
Response to Client
Demo after talk

25. Summary Large-scale testbed deployment is progressing well
Lots of work by the students during the summer
BTS-IP integration progressing
Iceberg testbed will be mostly completed this fall
Testbed will enable development of new protocols
Lots of on-going design work
Automatic path creation
Service handoff: Passing metadata across/through networks
IVR: More applications and devices (WindowsCE)
Service location and discovery
Query model and security
RLP implementation in IP-PAD

26. BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu
Bridge to the
Future
ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz B. R. Badrinath UC Berkeley
S. S. 7
BMRC MIG Seminar
September 16, 1998
Cellular “Core” Network