1. The Minithoracotomy Approach: A Safe and Effective Alternative for Heart Valve Surgery 
Giovanni Mariscalco, MD, PhD, Francesco Musumeci, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 97, Issue 1, Pages (January 2014)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Distribution of surgical approach—sternotomy (black bars) or right thoracotomy (gray bars)—for degenerative mitral valve repair by year of operation.
(Reprinted from Galloway et al [7], with permission from Elsevier.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Decrease in surgical time with surgeon experience using port access.
(Reprinted from Brinkman et al [20], with permission from Elsevier.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions