1. L ITERARY A NALYSIS E SSAY Literary Analysis Essay, Thesis, and Topic Sentence

2. T ABLE OF C ONTENTS Persuasive Writing 1 Persuasive Thesis 2 Persuasive Evidence 3 Persuasive Commentary 4 Effective Introductions and Conclusions 5 MLA formatting 6 Taboo Essay Words 7 Literary Analysis Essay 8 Literary Analysis Thesis and Topic Sentences 9

3. L ITERARY A NALYSIS E SSAY The goal of a Literary Analysis Essay is to discuss your interpretation of a piece of literature using a specific literary focus (like motifs, themes, symbolism, humor, characterization…) Things to keep in mind as you write: Never use I, you, we, our (even though this is your interpretation, you may not provide opinions) Always talk about literature in present tense Do not retell the story in your essay (this is not a book report)

4. C ONTINUED … Paper set-up Intro with thesis 1 st Body Paragraph- Elaborates on one element of you thesis 2 nd Body Paragraph- Elaborates on another element of your thesis 3 rd Body Paragraph- Elaborates on yet another element of your thesis Conclusion All of your Paragraphs must directly connect to your thesis!!!

5. C HECK FOR U NDERSTANDING What is a literary analysis essay? What does it do? What tense does your essay need to be in? What are some words you may not use in your essay (unless in your quotes)? How is this literary analysis essay set up?

6. T HESIS S TATEMENTS Thesis statements make an argument that you work to prove throughout your essay. Example: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion and always keeping up with the current fads of the moment no matter how ridiculous they may be. I am arguing that Twain uses satire to reveal this in his novel.

7. L ITERARY A NALYSIS T HESIS AND T OPIC S ENTENCES Thesis: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes [insert comic device(s)] to reveal [insert what these devices reveal about people, society, and/or the belief systems they hold]. Example #1: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion and always keeping up with the current fads of the moment no matter how ridiculous they may be. Example #2: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes hypocrisy, prejudices, and diction to reveal the stupidity and ignorance of adults. Example #3: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes slapstick to reveal the absurdity of education and adults attempt to always be in control of their children. You may choose any combination of comic elements and what they reveal. Be creative; you get a lot of freedom with this essay so write about what you are most interested in.

8. C HECK FOR UNDERSTANDING What do thesis statements do in a literary analysis essay? Give me an example of a thesis statement you could possibly use in your essay? What are the parameters around your thesis statement (what is acceptable and what is not)?

9. C ONTINUED … Your topic sentences MUST directly connect to your thesis. What that means is that you must use the same wording in each of your topic sentences as you use in your thesis. Pay attention to the following example and how the topic sentences directly connect to the thesis statement.

10. C ONTINUED … (T HIS WILL BE YOUR HOMEWORK TONIGHT ) Thesis Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion and always keeping up with the current fads of the moment no matter how ridiculous they may be. o Topic Sentence #1 o Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion. o Evidence: Aunt Pollys glasses o Topic Sentence #2 o Twain also uses satire to uncover societys attempt to always keep up with the current fads of the moment. o Evidence: The boys attempt to be religious o Topic Sentence #3 o Finally, Twain employs satire to expose societys ignorance when trying to keep up with the current trends. o Evidence: Aunt Pollys medicinal obsession (finding a cure)

11. C ONTINUED … Notice: Your topic sentences and thesis statement need to reveal overall flaws with society. Example: Do not say, Twain uses satire to reveal Aunt Pollys obsession with fashion. Instead say, Twain uses satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion. Your evidence of Aunt Polly wearing the ridiculous glasses will prove how Twain uses satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion.

12. C HECKING FOR UNDERSTANDING Rephrase what I do and dont want you to do with your topic sentences. What must your topic sentences ALWAYS connect to?

13. T ABLE OF C ONTENTS Persuasive Writing 1 Persuasive Thesis 2 Persuasive Evidence 3 Persuasive Commentary 4 Effective Introductions and Conclusions 5 MLA formatting 6 Taboo Essay Words 7 Literary Analysis Essay 8 Literary Analysis Thesis and Topic Sentences 9 Literary Analysis Evidence 10 Literary Analysis Commentary 11 Parenthetical Citations 12

14. L ITERARY A NALYSIS E VIDENCE Evidence must… directly support your topic sentence and thesis statement prove your argument be a quote taken directly from the novel (for each paragraph!!!) Example: Thesis: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion and always keeping up with the current fads of the moment no matter how ridiculous they may be. o Topic Sentence #1: Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion. o Evidence to prove my topic sentence and thesis: She seldom or never looked through them [glasses] for so small a thing as a boy, for they were her state pair, the pride of her heart, and were built for style not service; she could have seen through a pair of stove lids as well (Twain 1).

15. C ONTINUED … (R EVIEW ) Your evidence must be imbedded (a part of your sentence) Example: Tom Sawyer noticed about Aunt Polly that she seldom or never looked through them [glasses] for so small a thing as a boy, for they were her state pair, the pride of her heart, and were built for style not service; she could have seen through a pair of stove lids as well (Twain 1). If your evidence is a quote from a characters mouth do not use SAID!!!! Try and find other words to go in place of the dreaded said. stated, exclaimed, demanded, roared, claimed, questioned… (this word should depict the tone of the character)

16. L ITERARY A NALYSIS C OMMENTARY (T HE HEART OF A LITERARY ANALYSIS ESSAY ) The goal of commentary is: to show the connection between the specific character/event and society (example: how does Aunt Polly needing to keep up with the current fashions reflect how all of society wants to stay current). to answer what Twain is trying to reveal about all of us through his characters? to answer why it is important to reveal this about society? Commentary must be 3-5 sentences long!!! Use your comic element chart to help you with this!!!!!!

17. C ONTINUED … Example: Thesis: Throughout The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion and always keeping up with the current fads of the moment no matter how ridiculous they may be. o Topic Sentence #1: Twain utilizes satire to reveal societys obsession with fashion. o Evidence to prove my topic sentence and thesis: Tom Sawyer noticed about Aunt Polly that she seldom or never looked through them [glasses] for so small a thing as a boy, for they were her state pair, the pride of her heart, and were built for style not service; she could have seen through a pair of stove lids as well (Twain 1). o Commentary: Through Aunt Pollys need to wear glasses to keep up with the current style, Twain exposes peoples obsession with fashion. He shows that people will do anything, even look absolutely ridiculous, in order to be in style. He is commenting on this in hopes that people see the ridiculousness of styles to stop adhering to them.

18. R EVIEW What is evidence? What does the evidence do? How do you integrate your evidence into your essay? What is the goal of commentary (3)?

19. P ARENTHETICAL C ITATIONS Why use parenthetical citations? Parenthetical citations tell the reader exactly where you found your evidence so the reader could technically find you quote if he/she wishes to do more research or confirm where you found your info. It is absolutely necessary that you follow the correct format (it is part of the MLA guidelines)

20. C ONTINUED … Format for novels only: Quote (Authors Last Name page number). Quote (Twain 36). period goes after the citation No punctuation here! Quotation marks follow the quote.

21. C ONTINUED … When you set a quote into the middle of a sentence, you always cite at the end of the sentence not the end of the quote. Example: Tom exclaimed, Oh dont cry Becky. I dont care for her anymore as Becky tried to blame Tom for liking Amy instead of her (Twain 60).