1. City of San Diegos Water and Energy Nexus World Resources Simulation Center September 22, 2010 George J. Adrian, PE Public Utilities Department Long-Range Planning & Water Resources Division

2. Sources of San Diegos Water Supply 2 LAKE SHASTA LAKE OROVILLE State Water Project (Bay-Delta) 30% Colorado River 50% Local Supplies and Conservation 20% San Diego County imports ~80% of its water supply

3. San Diego Water System 3 1.3 million people 404 Square Miles Avg. Daily Consumption more than 200 MGD 9 Raw Water Reservoirs 3 Water Treatment Plants More than 3,000 Miles of Pipelines 27 Distribution Reservoirs/Standpipes 50 Pump Stations More than 110 Pressure Zones

4. By 2030 San Diego may need 11% more water 2007: 248,000 acre-feet per year 2030: 275,925 acre-feet per year San Diego Keeps Growing

5. Local Surface Water 3% Recycled Water 3% Conservation 15% Imported 79% Source: City of SD Public Utilities Department 8/16/10 FY 2010 Actuals Water Supply Portfolio

6. Carbon Footprint by Water Source 6 Colorado River Aqueduct State Water Project GroundwaterRecycled Water Seawater Desal Brackish Groundwater Desal OCWD Groundwater Replenishment Project kWh/AF Source: Pacific Institute analysis regarding SDCWA dataSource of OCWD GW Replenishment: City of San Diego

7. Adaptation: Local Water Supplies Water Conservation Local Runoff - Reservoirs Recycled Water Brackish Groundwater Desalination Groundwater Conjunctive Use Seawater Desalination (San Diego Region) On-site alternatives: – Graywater – Stormwater capture 7

8. Electricity Demand in State of California 19% of electricity in California is water related 8 Refining Estimates of Water Related Energy Use In California, CEC, December 2006

9. Estimated Energy Intensity of Water in San Diego County Relationship of water to energy, broken down 9 Energy Down the Drain, NRDC, August 2004

10. Refining Estimates of Water Related Energy Use In California Indoor usesOutdoor uses Northern California Southern California Northern California Southern California kWh/MG Water Supply & Conveyance2,1179,7272,1179,727 Water Treatment111 Water Distribution1,272 Wastewater Treatment1,911 00 Regional Total5,41113,0223,50011,111 10 CEC, December 2006

11. Residential water energy use Residential Water Use % Water Use Energy for Heating (kWh/AF) Energy in Distribution, Treatment, wastewater treatment, and Conveyance, (kWh/AF) Energy Use Total (kWh/AF) % Water-Energy Use Toilet 2403,239 5 Dishwasher 236,8673,23940,1065 ClothsWasher 1436,8673,23940,10634 Shower 2136,8673,23940,10651 Landscape 4002,424 5 % Annual Water- Energy Use 100%82%12%100% 11 The interaction of water and energy In California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, June 12, 2008

12. Interaction of Water and Energy 12 The interaction of water and energy In California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, June 12, 2008 Desalinization Shasta (storage)

13. Visualizing Sustainability Acceptable Uses for Water – Establishing priorities Residential Agricultural Business – tourism Recreation Change in User Behavior Patterns – Adjust expectations for uses and quantity of water to correspond to priorities – Provide feedback, show visual link to water use and economic health 13

14. Challenges to the City Efficient /effective use of water – Indirect Potable Reuse (IPR) – Recycled water – Stormwater Rainwater harvesting – Graywater Changing public perception of water, its value and real cost Using less water or using the water you have more efficiently – Conservation – Alternative landscaping Edible gardens…..minimal lawns 14

15. Whats at Stake? Water shortages or rationing Creation of unsustainable systems, leading to water and other shortages for future generations. Quality of life – Economy? – Food diversity and security? Energy brownouts. 15

16. Possible Breakthroughs 16 Sustainable systems and the relationship between water and energy and earth systems (greenhouse gases) – Multiple (hence efficient) use of water for our needs Recycled water – Advanced treated water Graywater use – Recovery of water (hence energy) for other uses. Rainwater capture Re-landscape (contours to capture water) - Stormwater diversions – Retail market that primarily supports water efficient plants

17. Thank You George J. Adrian, PE San Diego Public Utilities Department gadrian@sandiego.gov 17

18. San Diego is Conserving 18 Fiscal Year Population x 1000 Reduced Water Demand Water Demand in Acre-feet