1. Splash Screen

2. Section 1: Forming Public Opinion Section 2: The Mass Media
Chapter Introduction
Section 1: Forming Public Opinion
Section 2: The Mass Media
Section 3: Interest Groups
Visual Summary
Chapter Menu

3. In America, different groups of people hold many different viewpoints
In America, different groups of people hold many different viewpoints. Some groups form to try to persuade government officials to support their views. These groups are exercising the important rights of freedom of speech and assembly.
Chapter Intro 1

4. Section 1: Forming Public Opinion
A democratic society requires the active participation of its citizens. Individuals, interest groups, the mass media, and government officials all play a role in shaping public opinion.
Chapter Intro 2

5. Section 2: The Mass Media
In a democratic society, various forces shape people’s ideas. The media have a profound influence on the ideas and behavior of the American people and their government.
Chapter Intro 2

6. Section 3: Interest Groups
Political and economic institutions evolve to help individuals and groups accomplish their goals. Interest groups, a powerful force in our democracy, use various techniques to influence public opinion and policy.
Chapter Intro 2

7. Chapter Preview-End

8. Guide to Reading Big Idea
A democratic society requires active participation of its citizens.
Section 1-Main Idea

9. Guide to Reading Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary public opinion
mass media
interest group
public opinion poll
pollster
Academic Vocabulary
uniform
gender
survey
Section 1-Key Terms

10. What role does Public Opinion play in a democracy?
What are the personal-background factors that influence opinions about public issues?
What component expresses whether public opinion on any given topic is positive or negative?

11. What is random sampling?
What are the compoennts of public opinion?
What are some of the criticisms of polling?

12. A Few Thoughts About The Final Marking Period

13. How You Do In The Final Marking Period Can Make Or Break You
How You Do In The Final Marking Period Can Make Or Break You. Its In The Math

14. Example 1 Marking 1: E – 50% Marking 2: E – 50% Marking 3: B – 80% Final Exam: D Final Grade: D – PASSING! 

15. Example 2 Marking 1: D – 60% Marking 2: D – 60% Marking 3: E – 35% Final E Final Grade: E - Fails! 

16. Example 3 Marking 1: A – 90% Marking 2: A – 90% Marking 3: C – 70% Final Exam: C Final Grade: C+ 

17. Example 4 Marking 1: B – 85% Marking 2: B – 85% Marking 3: A – 95% Final Exam: A Final Grade: A 

18. Public Opinion
Public opinion, the ideas and attitudes most people hold, plays a vital role in our democracy.
Public opinion refers to ideas and attitudes people hold about a particular issue or person.
Public opinion is of political importance.
Section 1

19. Public Opinion (cont.) Sources of public opinion:
Personal background (age, gender, income, race, religion, occupation, place of residence)
Mass media
Public officials
Interest groups
Section 1

20. Public Opinion (cont.) Three features of public opinion:
Direction (positive or negative)
Intensity (how strong do people feel)
Stability (are they likely to change their minds?)
Section 1

23. Measuring Public Opinion
The most common way of measuring public opinion is with public opinion polls.
Public opinion polls measure public opinion.
Pollster is a specialist who measures the president’s popularity or towards possible proposals
Section 1

24. Measuring Public Opinion (cont.)
Sampling public opinion:
People in sample are selected at random
Well-constructed sample reflects the entire population
Wording questions to find people’s true opinions
Push polls worded to influence responses
Section 1

25. Measuring Public Opinion (cont.)
Arguments for and against polling:
Allows officeholders to keep in touch with citizens’ ideas
Makes officials more concerned with public opinion than leadership and decision-making
Affect elections and voter turnout
Section 1

26. Section 1-End

27. Guide to Reading Big Idea
In a democratic society, various forces shape people’s ideas.
Section 2-Main Idea

28. Guide to Reading (sec. 1) Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary
public opinion
mass media
interest group
public opinion poll
pollster
Academic Vocabulary
uniform
gender
survey
Section 1-Key Terms

29. Sec. 1
What role does Public Opinion play in a democracy?
What are the personal-background factors that influence opinions about public issues?
What component expresses whether public opinion on any given topic is positive or negative?

30. Sec. 1
What is random sampling?
What are the compoennts of public opinion?
What are some of the criticisms of polling?

31. Guide to Reading (sec. 2) Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary
print media
electronic media
public agenda
leak
prior restraint
libel
malice
Academic Vocabulary
acknowledge
benefit
regulatory
Section 2-Key Terms

32. Sec. 2
What type of laws try to protect reporters from having to reveal their sources
What are some reasons why a politician would leak information about a proposed plan to the press?
Why does the government “classify” certain information?

33. Sec. 2
The internet, radio and television are part of …
To win lawsuits against people who have published false and harmful information about them, government officials must prove:
When may the government censor material?

34. QUIZ FOLLOWS

35. A term that refers to the ideas and attitudes people hold about a particular issue or person
A word that means a form of communication
Three features of public opinion
A person who measures public attitudes
A poll in which the questions are worded to influence a person’s responses
What is a typical sample size for a poll?

37. A word that means a form of communication
A term that refers to the ideas and attitudes people hold about a particular issue or person
Public opinion
A word that means a form of communication
Medium
Three features of public opinion
Direction, intensity, stability
A person who measures public attitudes
Pollster
A poll in which the questions are worded to influence a person’s responses
Push poll
What is a typical sample size for a poll
1,500

38. A Few Thoughts About The Final Marking Period

39. How You Do In The Final Marking Period Can Make Or Break You
How You Do In The Final Marking Period Can Make Or Break You. Its In The Math

40. Example 1 Marking 1: E – 50% Marking 2: E – 50% Marking 3: B – 80% Final Exam: D Final Grade: D – PASSING! 

41. Example 2 Marking 1: D – 60% Marking 2: D – 60% Marking 3: E – 35% Final E Final Grade: E - Fails! 

42. Example 3 Marking 1: A – 90% Marking 2: A – 90% Marking 3: C – 70% Final Exam: C Final Grade: C+ 

43. Example 4 Marking 1: B – 85% Marking 2: B – 85% Marking 3: A – 95% Final Exam: A Final Grade: A 

44. The Media’s Impact
The nation’s media are an important influence on politics and government and also help set the public agenda.
The mass media influences politics and government, and connects the people and elected officials.
Section 2

45. The Media’s Impact (cont.)
Newspapers, magazines, newsletters, and books as examples of print media
Radio, television, and the Internet as examples of electronic media
Influence of profit on news coverage
America’s Use of Mass Media
Section 2

46. The Media’s Impact (cont.)
Relationship between politicians and journalists
Purpose of government leaks to the media
Watchdog role of the mass media
Conflicts between national security and citizens’ need for information
America’s Use of Mass Media
Section 2

47. Media Safeguards
Freedom of the press is protected by the U.S. Constitution, although some regulation is permitted.
Section 2

48. Media Safeguards (cont.)
The government protects the ability of the mass media to operate freely.
The First Amendment and freedom of the press
Freedom from prior restraint
Libel and limits to freedom of the press
Supreme Court ruled that public officials must prove actual malice, or evil intent, by publisher
Section 2

49. Media Safeguards (cont.)
The media’s right to keep sources secret
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) as a regulatory commission of the federal bureaucracy
Section 2

50. Section 2-End

51. Guide to Reading Big Idea
Political and economic institutions evolve to help individuals and groups accomplish their goals.
Section 3-Main Idea

52. Guide to Reading Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary
public interest group
nonpartisan
political action committee (PAC)
lobbyist
Academic Vocabulary
primary
guarantee
Section 3-Key Terms

53. What kind of group is formed to represent the financial and business interests of its members?
What are some of the ways that lobbyists influence government?
What are the critics of lobbyists and interest groups concerned with?

54. How do interest groups influence government?
What is the primary goal of interest groups?
What propaganda techniques attempt to convince voters that the candidate is like them?
Lobbyists may work in Washington, D.C. to promote their interest groups as long as …

55. WRITING QUESTIONS
I will organize you into groups of 3

56. 2 6 4 8 Is/are/was/ were/ happens Do/does Did Can Could Will Would
Is/are/was/
were/ happens
Do/does
Did
Can
Could
Will
Would
WHAT 2 6
WHEN/
WHERE 4
WHO
WHY 8
HOW
EXAMPLES
2 Points: What is a district Court?
4 Points: When is a case remanded?
6 Points: Who will hear an appeal?
8 Points: How was the principle of precedent established?
Write Questions From Chapter 11. Section 2:
First Birthday: Types of Media, Public Agenda, Coverage of Candidates
Second Birthday: Media and Elected Officials, Watchdog Role, Media and National Security
Third Birthday: Media Safequards, Freedom within Limits, Protecting Sources, Regulating the Media

57. Types of Interest Groups
Interest groups are an important part of our democratic process because they influence public policy.
Interest groups are organizations of people who unite to promote their ideas.
Section 3

58. Types of Interest Groups (cont.)
Economic interest groups:
U.S. Chamber of Commerce promoting free enterprise
Tobacco Institute representing cigarette manufacturers
AFL-CIO representing workers
The American Medical Association representing doctors
Section 3

59. Types of Interest Groups (cont.)
Other interest groups:
NAACP improving the lives of African Americans
NOW representing women’s interests
AARP promoting interests of older Americans
Sierra Club protecting nature
NRA looking after interests of gun owners
Section 3

60. Types of Interest Groups (cont.)
Public interest groups working to benefit Americans in general
League of Women Voters is an example of a nonpartisan, or impartial group
Interests groups supporting candidates and forming political action committees
Interest groups bringing cases to court
Section 3

61. Types of Interest Groups (cont.)
Interest groups influencing lawmakers by using lobbyists who:
have a good understanding of how the government functions.
know which government department to contact about concerns.
supply lawmakers with useful information that help their own cases.
Section 3

62. Types of Interest Groups (cont.)
suggest solutions and problems to lawmakers.
prepare their own drafts of bills for lawmakers.
testify in legislative hearings on bills.
see that laws are enforced.
Section 3

63. Techniques Interest Groups Use
Interest groups use various techniques to influence public opinion and policy.
Interest groups use a variety of techniques to influence public opinion and policy:
Direct mail
Advertising
Organize public events and protests
Propaganda
Section 3

64. Techniques Interest Groups Use (cont.)
Regulating interest groups:
Limits on PAC contributions
Registration and disclosure requirements for lobbyists
Waiting period before former government officials can become lobbyists
Controversy surrounding interest groups and lobbying
Section 3

65. Section 3-End

66. VS 1

67. VS-End

68. Figure 1

69. Figure 2

70. Figure 3

71. TIME Trans

72. DFS Trans 1

73. Voters strongly disagreed about whether to elect Kerry or reelect Bush
DFS Trans 2

74. The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and the Association of Trial Lawyers of America
DFS Trans 3

75. public opinion
the ideas and attitudes that most people hold about elected officials, candidates, government, and political issues
Vocab1

76. mass media
a mechanism of mass communication, including television, radio, newspapers, magazines, recordings, movies, and books
Vocab2

77. interest group
a group of people who share a point of view about an issue and unite to promote their beliefs
Vocab3

78. public opinion poll
a survey in which individuals are asked to answer questions about a particular issue or person
Vocab4

79. pollster
a specialist whose job is to conduct polls regularly
Vocab5

80. uniform
consistent or unvarying
Vocab6

81. gender
a notion of the sex of a person
Vocab7

82. survey
to determine the size, shape, and position of; to gather information about, as in a poll
Vocab8

83. print media
newspapers, magazines, newsletters, and books
Vocab9

84. electronic media
radio, television, and the Internet
Vocab10

85. public agenda
issues considered most significant by government officials
Vocab11

86. leak
the release of secret government information by anonymous government officials to the media
Vocab12

87. prior restraint
government censorship of material before it is published
Vocab13

88. libel written untruths that are harmful to someone’s reputation
Vocab14

89. malice
evil intent
Vocab15

90. acknowledge to recognize the existence of or to make something known
Vocab16

91. benefit
to be useful or profitable to
Vocab17

92. regulatory
used to describe an agency or body whose function is to control or govern
Vocab18

93. public interest group
an organization that supports causes that affect the lives of Americans in general
Vocab19

94. nonpartisan
free from party ties or bias
Vocab20

95. political action committee (PAC)
political organization established by a corporation, labor union, or other special-interest group designed to support candidates by contributing money
Vocab21

96. lobbyist
representative of an interest group who contacts lawmakers or other government officials directly to influence their policy making
Vocab22

97. primary
first in time or importance
Vocab23

98. guarantee
to promise or give security
Vocab24

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