1. 3 Planning and Goal Setting Supervision Today! 7th Edition
Planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and decision making
Planning and Goal Setting 3
Supervision Today!
7th Edition
Stephen Robbins
David DeCenzo
Robert Wolter

2. Chapter outcomes Define productivity.
Describe how plans should link from the top to the bottom of the organization.
Identify what is meant by the terms benchmarking, ISO 9000 series, and six sigma.
Contrast policies and rules.
Describe the Gantt chart.
Explain the information needed to create a PERT chart.
Describe the four ingredients common to goal-setting programs.
Define entrepreneurship and explain how it affects supervision.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

3. Planning defined Formal planning Informal planning
Specific goals are formulated
Committed to writing
Made available to organizational members.
Informal planning
Planned in the head, but not written down
Little or no sharing of these plans with others.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

4. Labor + Capital + Materials
Productivity
Productivity =
Output /
Labor + Capital + Materials
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

5. EXHIBIT 3–1
Industries in which the United States is a major producer in the world market.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

6. Types of plans Strategic planning Tactical planning Short-term plan
Intermediate-term plan
Long-term plan
Standing plan
Single-use plan
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

7. Continuous-improvement programs
Benchmarking
ISO 9000 Series
Six Sigma
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

8. EXHIBIT 3–3 Six sigma—twelve process steps.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

9. Standing plans
A plan that can be used over and over again by managers faced with recurring activities
Policies
Procedure
Rule
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

10. Single-use plan Plan designed for a specific activity or time period
Programs
Budgets
Schedules
Examples
Exhibit 3–4 Department expense budget
Exhibit 3–5 A sample Gantt chart
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

11. Department expense budget.
EXHIBIT 3–4
Department expense budget.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

12. EXHIBIT 3–5 A sample Gantt chart. Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

13. Developing a PERT chart
STEP 1- Identify every significant activity that must be achieved for a project to be completed
STEP 2- Determine the order in which these events must be completed
STEP 3- Diagram the flow of activities from start to finish
STEP4- Compute a time estimate for completion
STEP 5- Determine a start and finish date for each activity and the entire project.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

14. PERT chart for the furnace modernization project.
EXHIBIT 3–7
PERT chart for the furnace modernization project.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

15. EXHIBIT 3-8 What may happen in traditional objective setting.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

16. Goal setting
A system by which employees jointly determine specific performance goals with their supervisors.
Key to effectiveness
Goal specificity
Participation
Time limits
Performance feedback
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

17. Entrepreneurship
Process of initiating a business venture, organizing resources, and assuming risks.
Entrepreneur Characteristics
Independent and personally responsible
Plan extensively
Value independence
Prefer calculated risks
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved

18. EXHIBIT 3–9 Comparison of entrepreneurs and traditional supervisors.
Supervision Today!, 7/e
Robbins, DeCenzo, Wolter
© 2013 Pearson Education
Uppers Saddle River, NJ 07458, All Rights Reserved