1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Syed Abdul-Rahman Al-Haddad
Intelligent Application System Model of Learning Outcomes Management for Academician Personally in Higher Learning Institution
Authors:
Prof. Dr. Rusli Abdullah
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Syed Abdul-Rahman Al-Haddad
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shaiful Jahari Hashim
Amir Kombo Mwinyi

2. OUTLINE INTRODUCTION Objective Contributions LITERATURE REVIEW
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Q & A

3. 1. Introduction Data Transfer Synchronization Algorithm Server LMS
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
1. Introduction
Data Transfer
Synchronization
Algorithm
LMS
Server
Client
Client
Process of precisely coordinating or matching two or more activities, devices, or processes in time
The Remote File Synchronization (RFS) is a data transfer method where the sender does not have knowledge about the files held by the receiver in the communication system. Consider the following scenario, Sender S has a copy of file fnew and Receiver R has an old copy of file fold, the challenge is to design an algorithm that is capable of enables Receiver R to have a copy of file fnew while minimizing the communication cost between the two sides.
learning management system (LMS) is a web based system that provides learning materials to multiple learners
An algorithm is a procedure or formula for solving a problem.
With the increasingly widespread application of cloud computing, multiple cloud storage platforms have emerged, such as Dropbox, GoogleDrive, OneDrive, etc. These synchronization technology tools are based on specific platform
Fig 1: Synchronization in multiple devices

4. Introduction Fig 2: No Collaboration between LMS
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Introduction
Fig 2: No Collaboration between LMS

5. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
a) Objectives
To design MAS framework to enhance rsync algorithm. This managed to reduce the communication cost of the rsync algorithm.
To develop interoperability HLMS model that utilizes the proposed improved rsync algorithm to facilitate learning contents synchronization in the Multi-LMS.
To develop and evaluate HLMS prototypes that took advantage of the interoperability model to share learning contents in different courses from different LMS.

6. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
b) Contributions
The study has contributes in the following area as summarized here:
The MAS framework was proposed where a number of heterogeneous agents are needed to solve the problem of communication cost in rsync during search process of the similar file between two computers.
Interoperability HLMS model was presented for improving collaboration and sharing of learning contents in LMS.
Prototype that utilized the improved rsync with interoperability HLMS Model was developed in this study in order to facilitate the synchronization of learning materials among different LMSs.
The use of agents to facilitate the synchronization process

7. 2. Literature Review Fig 3: Literature organization chart
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
2. Literature Review
Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language - enable agents’ interaction and communication.
The system specification phase focuses on identifying the goals and basic functionalities of the system, along with inputs (percepts) and outputs (actions) from the environment.
The architectural design phase uses the outputs from the previous phase to determine which agent types the system will contain and how they will interact.
The detailed design phase looks at the internals of each agent and how it will accomplish its tasks within the overall system.
Fig 3: Literature organization chart

8. Related work using different techniques
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Related work using different techniques No
Title
Authors
Advantage
Disadvantage
Comment 1
Pre-Processing Directory Structure For Improved RSYNC Transfer Performance
Ghobadi, et al,. (2011)
Reduces the computational time required by rsync at both the sender and the receiver nodes in order to reduce the file search process.
Need more research to reduce overhead caused be creating hierarch tree at the receiver.
Good but needs some innovation 2
A cloud storage synchronization strategy based on cdmi
Yang, et al., (2014)
There technique can be used to synchronize different platforms and working offline.
Lack of proactive reasoning
It uses rsync to detect differences in the file 3
Improved Single-Round Protocols for Remote File Synchronization
Utku et al., (2005)
Merging multiple-round approach to reduce communication cost using erasure codes.
It uses the same searching process as in rsync
Need improvements 4
Implementation and design of a service-based framework to integrate personal and institutional learning environments
Conde, et al.,, (2014)
LMS does not adapted to learners needs. Therefore, to solve this problem they manage to integrate personal learning environment with LMS.
The proposed interoperability system based on the personal needs
Good for learning preference 5
e-Learning in Malaysian higher education institutions: Status, trends, & challenges
Embi, 2011
Embi proposed the integration and interoperability between LMSs, “MOHE should also consider the development of a specific LMS for use in Malaysian HEIs”
HEIs are either using
open-source LMS such as Moodle or developing their own and modifying their existing LMS.
There is a need to have a specific LMS (HLMS) where by HLIs can share resources 6
Using Semantic Web Services technology for simulating collaborative learning activities
Khemaja, (2014)
The paper used semantic web services to guarantee effective collaboration to achieve high level of learning outcomes.
The study based on using e-learning standards to provide more efficient systems.
Good as a simulator system

9. 3. Methodology Fig 4:Summary of the research methodology
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
3. Methodology
Fig 4:Summary of the research methodology

10. Proposed Irsync algorithm Flowchart
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Proposed Irsync algorithm Flowchart
Fig 5: irsync flowchart
following data updates. If no, this data update will be ignored and the agent is reset to monitor; otherwise, the full updated file is taken place.

11. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Traditional method
Fig 6: Each LMS standalone in the traditional system

12. Proposed Method Fig 7:Multi learning management system with MAS
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Proposed Method
Fig 7:Multi learning management system with MAS

13. System Model Fig 8: Interoperability Model in Heterogeneous LMS
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
System Model
Fig 8: Interoperability Model in Heterogeneous LMS

14. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Agent types

15. 4. Results and Discussions
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
4. Results and Discussions
Fig 10: Shows the experimental results for Remote file synchronization in MLMS .

16. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
evaluation of the two systems for synchronization of learning materials
RSYNC Update rate
CLOUD Update rate
No. of files
Proposed System
Cloud (CDMI) 2
1.5
128
103 77
2.3
1.4
256
189
130
2.1
1.45
512
460
390
1.3
1024
895
788
2.11
2048
1789
1497
Fig 10: Shows the comparison results between CDMI and irsync

17. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Synchronization rate
Fig 11: Synchronization rate of the MAS against cloud storage (CDMI)

18. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
5. Conclusion
The results show that the performance of the irsync algorithm in RFS is outstanding. The algorithm was enabled to shorten the communication cost between the two remote computers and hence to solve the rsync problem
The irsync then implemented in the interoperability HLMS model to show the effectives of the proposed techniques. This goal was achieved after implementing it in the prototype that was developed in this study.

19. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Future Works
Introducing mobile learning in HLMS by using MAS technology paradigm in HLIs,
In using MAS to predict the file block size to reduce sending unnecessary file blocks during RFS.
The proposed irsync algorithm can be integrated in existing social networks (Facebook, Twitter, etc) to synchronize users’ information from different computers.

20. 1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4
1. Introduction  2. Literature Review  3. Methodology  4. Result and Discussion  5. Conclusion  6. Q & A
Q & A
THANK YOU
Wooldridge defined agent as a computer software that is situated in the some environment and that is capable of autonomous action in order to meet its designing goals.