1. THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFER

2. THERMAL ENERGY
Thermal energy is the total amount of energy in an object’s moving molecules.
Heat is the flow of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object

3. Definition of Temperature
The measure of the average motion of all the molecules and or atoms in an object.
Freezing point- Celsius 0, Fahrenheit 32, Kelvin 273
Boiling point- Celsius 100, Fahrenheit 212, Kelvin 373

4. Specific Heat
Specific heat is the relationship between heat and temperature change. OR
How much energy does it take to get this thing hot?
Water has very high specific heat
Metals have low specific heat

5. Objects and Energy Flow
Conductors
carry energy
Examples: metals
Insulators slow down energy flow
Examples: plastic, air, styrofoam

6. Types of Heat Transfer
Conduction: transfer of thermal energy by direct contact of a heat source.
Example: pan on a stove top, feet on cold floor, hands on hot drink

7. Convection: thermal energy will cause molecules to heat up and rise until the molecules cool and fall back down.
Example: wind, ocean currents, steam, magma under the earth’s crust, rice grains rise and fall in boiling water.

8. Radiation: thermal energy moving through space and does not require matter.
Example: Warmth from a fire, light from the sun, electromagnetic spectrum

9. Heat Transfer with a Fireplace
Conduction- Fast-moving particles in the fire transfer heat as they collide with slow-moving particles in the metal tools.
Convection- When the air around the fire is heated, it becomes less dense than the cooler air nearby and rises.
Radiation- The fire transforms chemical energy in the wood to electromagnetic energy, which radiates throughout the room.

10. REMEMBER
Energy always travels from an area of HIGH energy to LOW energy!
Heat flows from hot to cold objects.