2. Next This quiz will test your knowledge about arctic sea ice and sea ice science. Read the questions, and select an answer by double-clicking on your choice. You may skip questions or go back at any time by double-clicking the next or go back buttons.

3. A. In the Arctic In the Arctic B. In Antarctica In Antarctica C. Only in the Arctic Only in the Arctic D. In the polar regions In the polar regions E. A, B, and D A, B, and D F. None of the above None of the above Choose the BEST answer Skip to next question

4. The best answer is Ein the Arctic, in Antarctica, and in the polar regions. The polar regions include the Arctic and Antarctica. North Pole, in summer 2007. Image courtesy of NASA. Antarcticasouth pole, on summer solstice 1990. Image courtesy of NASA. NextBack to question 1

5. Try Again I give up, whats the answer?

6. Yes. But theres somewhere else. Try Again I give up, whats the answer?

7. The best answer is Ein the Arctic, in Antarctica, and in the polar regions. The polar regions include the Arctic and Antarctica. North Pole, in summer 2007. Image courtesy of NASA. Antarcticasouth pole, on summer solstice 1990. Image courtesy of NASA. NextBack to question 1

8. A. True True B. False False Skip to next questionBack to question 1

9. As ice gets older, brine (causing the ice to be salty) is squeezed out of the ice. If melted, multi-year ice is fresh enough to drink. Multiyear ice. Image courtesy of Ted Maksym, United States Naval Academy. From nsidc.org. NextBack to question 2

10. FALSE! As ice gets older, brine (causing the ice to be salty) is squeezed out of the ice. If melted, multi-year ice is fresh enough to drink. Multiyear ice. Image courtesy of Ted Maksym, United States Naval Academy. From nsidc.org. NextBack to question 2

11. A. Sea ice absorbs 90% of sunlight. Sea ice absorbs 90% of sunlight. B. Sea ice absorbs 80% of sunlight. Sea ice absorbs 80% of sunlight. C. Sea ice soaks up greenhouse gasses. Sea ice soaks up greenhouse gasses. D. Sea ice reflects 80% of sunlight. Sea ice reflects 80% of sunlight. Skip to next questionBack to question 2

12. Sea ice reflects 80% of sunlight back into space. This helps to keep the polar regions cool. It also helps to moderate ocean temperatures, which have an effect on global air temperature. Next Image courtesy of NASA Back to question 3

13. Try Again I give up, whats the answer?

14. Answer D. Sea ice reflects 80% of sunlight back into space. This helps to keep the polar regions cool. It also helps to moderate ocean temperatures, which have an effect on global air temperature. Next Image courtesy of NASA Back to question 3

15. A. True True B. False False Pancake ice seen from the USCGC Healy. Photo by Ute Kaden (TREC 2005). Courtesy of ARCUS. Skip to next question Back to question 3

16. Pancake ice forms when the ocean is rough. The frazil forms together in circular disks called pancakes. Image courtesy of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. NextBack to question 4

17. Pancake ice forms when the ocean is rough. The frazil forms together in circular disks called pancakes. Image courtesy of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. NextBack to question 4

18. A. True True B. False False Elders Noah and Alice Andre clean fish at their fish camp. Photo by Amy Clapp (TREC 2005). Courtesy of ARCUS. Skip to next question Back to question 4

19. A lack of sea ice or poor ice conditions causes stress for marine mammals and affects their abilities to reproduce. Expected reductions in sea ice will shrink marine habitats and may push some species to extinction. Loss of sea ice can create more severe storms, cause accidents on thin ice, and makes people have to travel farther to hunt. Next Polar bear. Courtesy of Marc Webber, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Bowhead whales in the Bering Sea. Courtesy of Brad Benter, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Back to question 5

20. A lack of sea ice or poor ice conditions causes stress for marine mammals and affects their abilities to reproduce. Expected reductions in sea ice will shrink marine habitats and may push some species to extinction. Loss of sea ice can create more severe storms, cause accidents on thin ice, and makes people have to travel farther to hunt. Polar bear. Courtesy of Marc Webber, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Bowhead whales in the Bering Sea. Courtesy of Brad Benter, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NextBack to question 5

21. Choose the BEST answer. A. Polar Bears Polar Bears B. Penguins Penguins C. Arctic Foxes Arctic Foxes D. Walrus Walrus E. All except B All except B Skip to next questionBack to question 5

22. Penguins do not live in the Arcticthey only live in the Antarctic. It is true that they will be affected by melting ice, but not in the Arctic. Penguins on the ice in Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Photo by Ann Linsley (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. Try Again I give up, whats the answer?

23. Polar bears do live in the Arctic. But they arent alone! Try Again A mother polar bear and her two cubs. Photo by Ute Kaden (TREC 2005). Courtesy of ARCUS. I give up, whats the answer?

24. Arctic foxes do live in the Arctic. But they arent alone! Try Again Arctic fox. Image courtesy of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. I give up, whats the answer?

25. Walrus do live in the Arctic. But they arent alone! Try Again Walrus herd in the Bering Sea. Photo by Maggie Prevenas (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. I give up, whats the answer?

26. Yes, many animals live in the Arctic, including, polar bears, arctic foxes, walrus, seals, caribou, whales, a variety of birds, and even people! But, penguins do not live in the Arctic. They ONLY live in the Antarctic! Walrus herd in the Bering Sea. Photo by Maggie Prevenas (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. An Adelie Penguin in Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Photo by Ann Linsley (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. Spotted seal pup. Photo by Maggie Prevenas (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS A local Barrow man flies high during the blanket toss at the Nalukataq annual outdoor festival, in Barrow, Alaska. Photo by Misty Nikula-Ohlsen (TREC 2004). Courtesy of ARCUS. NextBack to question 6

27. Many animals live in the Arctic, including, polar bears, arctic foxes, walrus, seals, caribou, whales, a variety of birds, and even people! But, penguins do not live in the Arctic. They ONLY live in the Antarctic! Walrus herd in the Bering Sea. Photo by Maggie Prevenas (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. An Adelie Penguin in Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Photo by Ann Linsley (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. Spotted seal pup. Photo by Maggie Prevenas (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS A local Barrow man flies high during the blanket toss at the Nalukataq annual outdoor festival, in Barrow, Alaska. Photo by Misty Nikula-Ohlsen (TREC 2004). Courtesy of ARCUS. NextBack to question 6

28. A. True True B. False False Skip to next questionBack to question 6

29. Sea ice is difficult to study, because it is in remote locations and the conditions are extreme. But scientists have several methods to learn about the ice and how changes will impact our world. Scientists set up sampling devices. Photo by Ute Kaden (TREC 2005). Courtesy of ARCUS. NextBack to question 7

30. Sea ice is difficult to study, because it is in remote locations and the conditions are extreme. But scientists have several methods to learn about the ice and how changes will impact our world. Scientists set up sampling devices. Photo by Ute Kaden (TREC 2005). Courtesy of ARCUS. NextBack to question 7

31. A. True True B. False False Skip to next questionBack to question 7

32. Scientists use a variety of methods to study sea ice, including: - Field studies - Remote sensing - Modeling Arctic sea ice summer minimum in September 2000, based on simulations produced by the Community Climate System Model. (Image © UCAR) Collecting ice samples. Photo by Steve Roberts. Courtesy of ARCUS. Collecting sea water samples from the ice edge in the Bering Sea. Photo by Robyn Staup (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. NextBack to question 8

33. Scientists use a variety of methods to study sea ice, including: - Field studies - Remote sensing - Modeling Collecting ice samples. Photo by Steve Roberts. Courtesy of ARCUS. Collecting sea water samples from the ice edge in the Bering Sea. Photo by Robyn Staup (PolarTREC 2007). Courtesy of ARCUS. Arctic sea ice summer minimum in September 2000, based on simulations produced by the Community Climate System Model. (Image © UCAR) Next Back to question 8

34. A. The sea ice system is very complicated. The sea ice system is very complicated. B. That the arctic sea ice is actually growing. That the arctic sea ice is actually growing. C. That polar bears can survive without sea ice. That polar bears can survive without sea ice. D. That the world will be a better place when the arctic sea ice has melted completely. That the world will be a better place when the arctic sea ice has melted completely. Choose the BEST answer. Skip to next questionBack to question 8

35. Try Again I give up, whats the answer?

36. The sea ice system is very complicated, and many factors affect the way it is changing. Scientists know that greenhouse gasses have increased the mean global temperaturesand this increases sea ice melt. They also know that the sea ice is melting faster than anyone predicted. Scientists will continue to study the system to learn how changes will impact our world. NextBack to question 9

37. Answer A. The sea ice system is very complicated, and many factors affect the way it is changing. Scientists know that greenhouse gasses have increased the mean global temperaturesand this increases sea ice melt. They also know that the sea ice is melting faster than anyone predicted. Scientists will continue to study the system to learn how changes will impact our world. NextBack to question 9

38. Choose the BEST answer. A. Carpool, walk, or bike more Carpool, walk, or bike more B. Recycle Recycle C. Change your light bulbs to compact fluorescents Change your light bulbs to compact fluorescents D. Unplug electronics when they are not being used Unplug electronics when they are not being used E. Support local agriculture Support local agriculture F. All of the above All of the above Skip to end Back to question 9

39. Try again. I give up, whats the answer?

40. A major contributor to melting sea ice is global warming. To help slow global warming, and slow sea ice melt, there are several things you can do to reduce your carbon footprint, including: - Carpooling, walking, or biking more - Recycling - Using compact fluorescent light bulbs - Unplugging electronics when not in use - Supporting local farmers. NextBack to question 10

41. A major contributor to melting sea ice is global warming. To help slow global warming, and slow sea ice melt, there are several things you can do to reduce your carbon footprint, including: - Carpooling, walking, or biking more - Recycling - Using compact fluorescent light bulbs - Unplugging electronics when not in use - Supporting local farmers. NextBack to question 10

42. Funding for this quiz was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF). Learn more at: www.nsf.gov.www.nsf.gov This quiz was created by the Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS). Learn more at: www.arcus.org.www.arcus.org Special thanks to the National Snow and Ice Data Center Education Center (NSIDC). Learn more at: www.nsidc.org/seaice/.www.nsidc.org/seaice/ You can learn more about sea ice at: www.arcus.org/search/seaiceoutlookwww.arcus.org/search/seaiceoutlook. Return to the beginning